lecture 6 Flashcards
Electrical stim
Electricity is created by the flow of this negatively charged, subatomic particle
Electrons
When an atom has an imbalance of charge it is called an ________
Ion
Atoms are most stable when they have this many electrons in the outer shell
8
Since sodium and potassium have only ONE electron in their outer shell, they find a perfect match with this ion which needs one electron
Chloride
What is the formula for Ohm’s law
V=I×R
The description of “how fast electrons move” is called
Electric current
Current and resistance are _____ related.
Inversely
The ______ the pulse width, the more likely you are to stimulate ______ nerves
longer, motor
The type of wave most common for TENS and NMES is?
biphasic pulse
Accommodation can be prevented by
burst, modulated, increase intensity
Motor response occurs at ______ mA
10–30 mA
By turning up intensity, one moves from: _____,_____,_____,_____
sub sensory, sensory, motor, painful
What is the RMP (resting membrane potential) of neurons
-70 millivolts (mV)
With NMES, these muscle fiber types are recruited first
smaller, slow-twitch muscle fibers (Type Il) 2
With normal muscle contraction, ________ muscle fibers are recruited first and they are recruited _______ (synch or asynch)
type 1, asynchronously
For low rate TENS, we are using it to treat ______ pain and we expect to see a _____
chronic, muscle contraction
If the chart says “High rate” TENS, this means you would turn the _____ all the way up and the ______ all the way down
pulse rate, pulse width
The type of electrodes commonly used in clinics are black, rubber ______ electrodes
carbon
Gel is used to decrease the _______ of the skin
electrical resistance
Muscles and nerves are excellent ___________ whereas skin and fat are quite good ____
conductors, insulators
definition of TENS
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
definition of NMES
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
definition of IFC
Interferential Current therapy devices
