Lecture 6 Flashcards
Diff between chronic and latent?
Chronić: continous virusreplication at reduced levels
-virion are continually detected
Latent: persistence of viral genome without active virus replication
What is hep A?
Causative agent?
Transmission?
Prevention?
Incubation?
Acute
Naked SRNA picornavirus HAV
Fecal oral
Inactivated virus
3-5 weeks
What is hep B?
Type of virus?
Transmission?
Vaccine?
What is detected during the chronic HBV infection?
Chronic infections — causes up to 80 liver cancers
Enveloped dsDNA hepadnvirus
Semen, blood
Subunits vaccine
HBsAg —- surface antigen
What does virus/ V-ab lead to?
Tissue injury, defective particles can contribute to pathogenisis
What is the Hep B surface antigen?
What isthe surface antibody, what does it indicate ?
What isthe core antibody and what does it mean?
What is the antibody that interacts with the core antibody?
HBsAG— detected during acute or chronic, means that the person is infectious
Anti-HB——recovering and immunity for HBV OR successfully vaccinated
-those who are chronic fail to develop this
Anti-HBc—— onset of acute hep B and persists for life, indicated previous or ongoing infection
-for only acute infections
IgM antibody to core antibody , which means that there is an acute infection
What is present if immune due to hep B vaccination OR due to natural infection?
What is present in acutely infected vs chronic?
Vaccination: only pos for anti-HB’s—protective
Natural: has both anti-HB’s and anti HBc’s
Acute: is pos for
HBsAg
Anti Hbc
IgM and anti HBc
Chronic: pos for
HBsAg
Anti-HBc
What does chronic HBV activate?
What can chronic HBV lead to?
Process similar to wound healing leads to depositions of extracellular matrix
Liver injury, inflammation
What is sufficient to confer protective immunity?
What inhibitors are effective?
Antibodies to HBsAg
-recombination vaccine of this has reduced carcinoma rate as
-non nucleoside RT inhibitors against HEPB RT activity
What is hepc?
What kind of virus?
How is it passed?
Symptoms?
Vaccine?
Chronić infection— high persistence
Enveloped sRNA flavivrus HCV
Blood
Acute symptoms 2-6 weeks after exposure
Most develop chronic infections + have no symptoms
No vaccine
What fuels increase in HEP c and B?
Being fueled by opis and heronin use
What is herpes simplex virus type 1?
What type at site of infection?
When does it go into latency?
What can it cause?
Acute phase
Goes latent into trigeminal nerve cells
So no circulating or virus replication, not a lot of gene expression
HSV1 cause oral lesions and HSV2 cause genital lesions
How did lab scientist learn that mononucleosis is an EBV acute phase disease?
Lab tech studied EBV and came back seropositive after mononucleosis sick leave
Examined data of the person at the start and end of college carrier and found a strong correlation between EBV seroconversion and reports of mono
What is Burkett lymphoma result from?
What is EBV linked to?
—Chromosomal translocations—- those that fuse Ig loci with myć oncogene
- inappropriate activation of Ig recombination
Some cases of nasopharyngeal cancer
Bad for immunicopromised people
What is chicken pox and shingles an example of?
Chicken pox: VZV acute virus phase
Shingles: VZV reactivation
What are types of herpes viruses?
HSV 1 and HSV2
Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
Epstein Barr virus (EBV)
Cytomelagovirus (CMV)
KSHV
What is ms?
What is the correlation with EBV?
What does EBV encode but doesn’t recognize?
Autoimmune demylelination syndrome causing neurological disease
Antibodies against EBNA1 can cross reaction with GlialCAM (central NS protein for adhesion)
Thymidine kinase—— does not recognize & phosphorylate ganicolovir & acycylovir
What is the few EBV protein that is expressed in latency?
EBNA1
How do persistent viruses avoid adaptive immune recognition?
Makes fake MHC 1 protein that cant display the antigen
Cyctoxic T cell or NK cannot recognize it because the antigen is not displayed and MHC1 is present— so it survives
What happens during the acute, chronic, and latent phase of HIV?
Acute: flue symptoms with a high viral load— stimulate IFN response
Chronic: Asymptomatic, viral load is low
-CD4 T cells are high and try to kill
-antiretroviral can suppress HIV to undectable levels
Latent: AIDS—-> persistence when replication is prevented
