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CD 674 Exam 2 > Lecture 6 & 6b > Flashcards

Lecture 6 & 6b Flashcards

1
Q

Three Posnatal Stages

A

Stage I: neural encoding of fundamental characteristics of sound
Stage II: use information in sound in specific way
Stage III: approach sound in more of an adult way

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2
Q

Neural Encoding of fundamental characteristics of sound =

A

Stage I

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3
Q

approach sound in more of an adult way =

A

Stage III

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4
Q

use information in sound in specific way =

A

Stage II

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5
Q

Do anatomical parts of the auditory system develop early or later?

A

Early

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6
Q

Around what week does the auditory system become functional?

A

around 25 weeks of gestation

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7
Q

The cochlea and the auditory cortex are…

A

the most important developmental processes

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8
Q

Stage I

A
  • lasts less than 6 months
  • immature frequency discrimination
  • immature frequency resolution
  • not as sharp as adults
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9
Q

Stage II

A

increasing specificity, finer tuning, discovering new details, can recognize few variations in speech

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10
Q

Stage III

A

seperation of sounds more adult like
distinction between signal and noise
before 15/15 y/o still affected by noise

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11
Q

What 3 things are consistant across the stages?

A
  1. maturation of neural mechanisms in coding sound
  2. children become more specific in the way they listen to sound
  3. become flexible in choosing acoustic info
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12
Q

Neonatal Reflexes

MR.GTRSB

A

Moro, Rooting, Grasp, Tonic, Righting, Stepping, Babinski

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13
Q

Moro

A

aka startle reflex

baby throws back head, extends arms/legs, cries when startled

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14
Q

Rooting

A

When corner of baby’s mouth is stroked, baby will turn head in that direction & open mouth–> look for breast to feed

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15
Q

Grasp

A

when palm of hand is stroked, baby will close fingers in grasp

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16
Q

Tonic

A

when baby’s head is turned to one side, the arm on that side stretches out, and opposite arm bends at elbow

17
Q

Righting

A

baby corrects orientation of body when taken out of normal position

18
Q

Stepping

A

when held upright, and feet on ground, baby appears to take a step/dance

19
Q

Babinski

A

when sole of foot is stroked, toes spread out

20
Q

Milestones look at chart

A

Milestones look at chart

21
Q

Infant’s Response to Auditory Stimuli

A 
Body Movement
Arousal
Sucking
Eye Widening
Crying/Quieting
Orienting head

(BASECO)

22
Q

Auditory Sensitivity: Thresholds are ______ for infants and children in comparison to adults.

A

poorer

*audibility curves have a different shape

23
Q

Absolute Sensitivity

at 3 mo: thresholds are at _____dB greater than adults:: at 6-12 mo., thresholds are ______ dB greater than adults.

A

15- 30 dB

10- 15 dB

24
Q

Improvement in sensitivity between 3 to 6 mo. is greter in low frequencies than in high frequencies. T or F?

A

False. Its greater in high frequencies.

25
Q

At what age does intensity discrimination appear adult-like?

A

6 years of age

26
Q

Frequency Resolution: Infants show a broader tuning curve than adults at ___ and ___ kHz.

A

4 and 8 kKz

27
Q

Temporal Resolution becomes adult like at what age?

A

6 years of age

28
Q

Localization at lateral plane : __ mo. :: localization of sounds below infant : __ to__ mo. :: localization of sounds above infant : __ to __ mo.

A

7 mo.
7 to 9 mo.
13 to 16 mo.

29
Q

Categorical Perception: studies show that NH humans might innately be able to discriminate VOT and place of articulation differences. T or F?

A

True

30
Q

audiovisual perception: most infants do not prefer to look at a film of a face that matches the vowel utterance they hear. T or F?

A

False; they do

31
Q

categorical perception: do infants show the same categorical perception as adults?

A

yes.

32
Q

How is categorical perception in infants tested?

A

researchers look at sucking rate to determine how they perceive differences in VOT

CD 674 Exam 2 (3 decks)

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