lecture 6 - GI histology 1

Question 1

What are the 2 types of epithelium that line different parts of the gut tube?

Answer 1

EITHER Stratified squamous Non-keratinised eipithelium, or Simple columnar

Question 2

Where in the Gi tract is stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium found?

Answer 2

The oral cavity, oesophagus, rectum

Question 3

What is parakeratinisation in the oral cavity?

Answer 3

When areas of epithelium exposed to repeated mechanical trauma become keratinised to protect them

Question 4

What are taste buds housed on?

Answer 4

Papillae

Question 5

What is the general function of papillae?

Answer 5

Generate friction for the food during chewing

Question 6

What are the 4 types of papillae on the tongue?

Answer 6

Filiform, Fungiform, Vallate/circumvallate, Foliate

Question 7

Which type of papillae lack tastebuds?

Answer 7

Filiform

Question 8

What are the 2 parts of a gland?

Answer 8

Secreting part, duct/conducting part

Question 9

What cells make up the secretory part of the salivary glands?

Answer 9

Acinar cells

Question 10

What surrounds each gland unit to give it structural integrity and conduct neurovascular bundles and ducts?

Answer 10

Capsule of connective tissue

Question 11

What are the 2 types of cells in the secretory part of the salivary glands?

Answer 11

Serous cells, Mucous cells

Question 12

What are the histological features of serous cells in the salivary glands?

Answer 12

Pyramidal shape, basal nucleus, zymogen granules,

Question 13

What are the histological features of mucus cells in the salivary glands?

Answer 13

Cylindrical shape, flat basal nucleus, mucus droplet at apex

Question 14

What types of epithelium typically line the ducts of the salivary glands?

Answer 14

Simple cuboidal/columnar - never squamous

Question 15

What are the histological features of duct cells in the salivary glands?

Answer 15

Apical nucleus, lots of mitochondria

Question 16

What are the functions of duct cells in the salivary glands?

Answer 16

Regulate saliva pH, secrete lysozymes and IgA

Question 17

What are the 3 layers of the mucosa of the gut wall?

Answer 17

Epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae

Question 18

What is the function of the lamina propria?

Answer 18

Contains connective tissue, blood vessels and nerve endings

Question 19

What structures are found in the submucosa?

Answer 19

Submucosal glands, submucosal nerve plexus, blood vessels

Question 20

Where is the myenteric plexus located?

Answer 20

On the outside of the inner circular muscles of the muscularis externa

Question 21

What are the 2 layers of the muscularis externa?

Answer 21

Inner circular muscle, outer longitudinal muscle

Question 22

What type of epithelium is found in oedophagus?

Answer 22

Stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium

Question 23

What structures are found in the lamina propria of the oesophagus?

Answer 23

Mucus glands, lymphoid aggregates

Question 24

What parts of the oesophagus contain skeletal muscle?

Answer 24

Upper 1/3

Question 25

What parts of the oesophagus contain skeletal and smooth muscle?

Answer 25

Middle 1/3

Question 26

What parts of the oesophagus contain only smooth muscle?

Answer 26

Lower 1/3