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HUBS191 > Lecture 6 - Joint Classifications > Flashcards

Lecture 6 - Joint Classifications Flashcards

1
Q

What would happen if your distal tibiofibular joint was synovial?

A

Wouldn’t be able to stand on your legs. Could walk very slowly but not run - line of gravity would be thrown off

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2
Q

What would happen if your shoulder or hip were cartilaginous?

A

Not be able to fully utilize these joints to their full capacity - no movement

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3
Q

What is your pubic symphysis or intervertebral disc were fibrous?

A

Couldn’t bend over or twist. Stuck in a rigid state

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4
Q

What does the structure of something tell us?

A

What it’s function is and how much movement is possible

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5
Q

What is the structure of synovial joint? (Essential components)

A
  1. Needs to have bone ends
  2. Cover end of bone with articular cartilage
  3. Joint capsule (encapsulates and wraps around the joint to hold things together)
  4. Joint cavity (space inside joint capsule with synovial fluid that lubricates the joint and has nuttiness in it with help for soft tissues)
  5. Synovial membrane (layer of secreting cells to make synovial fluid)
  6. Ligaments (hold the bones together)
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6
Q

What are the essential properties of hyaline (articular) cartilage?

A
  1. Covers bone ends where they articulate AND move over each other
  2. Sub(under)chondral(cartilage) bone is smooth (smooth underneath the cartilage)
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7
Q

What does the synovial membrane do?

A

Lines the inner surface of the joint capsule

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8
Q

What is secrete synovial fluid?

A

Lubrication of the joint and help out the cartilage to be smooth

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9
Q

What does a capsular ligament do? (= joint capsule)

A
  1. Holds bones together
  2. Tight and thick where more support is needed
  3. Loose where movement is allowed
  4. Potential space or cavity when it’s needed
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10
Q

What does the medial collateral ligament of the knee do?

A
  1. Connects femur to tibia

2. Restricts abduction

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11
Q

What does the lateral collateral ligament of the knee do?

A
  1. Connects femur to fibula

2. Restricts adduction

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12
Q

What do intracapsular ligaments do?

A
  1. Restricts movement between bones

E.f crucible ligaments of the knee

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13
Q

The Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is…

A
  1. Anterior of tibia to posterior of femur

2. Restricts posterior displacement of femur

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14
Q

The Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is…

A
  1. Posterior of tibia and anterior to femur

2. Restricts anterior displacement of femur

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15
Q

Which part of a synovial joint ensures frictionless movement?

A

Articular cartilage, synovial fluid

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16
Q

Which part of a synovial joint holds bones together?

A

Ligaments, joint capsule

17
Q

Which part of a synovial influences the possible movements at that joint?

A

Shape of the bone ends and ligaments

18
Q

What are the three planes and their movements?

A
  1. Sagittal - back and forwards
  2. Coronal - side to side
  3. Transverse - in half
19
Q

What are the three axis?

A
  1. Uniaxial (one axis/plane)
  2. Biaxial (two axes/planes)
  3. Multiracial (three axes/planes)
20
Q

What is range of movement? (ROM)

A

The type and amount of movement is determined by the structure of the joint

21
Q

What is ROM determined by?

A
  1. Bone end shape
  2. Ligament auction and length
  3. Body surface contact
22
Q

What are the synovial joint shapes?

A
  1. Plane
  2. Hinge
  3. Pivot
  4. Condylar
  5. Ellipsoid
  6. Saddle
  7. Ball and socket
23
Q

A plane joint is?

A
  1. Multiaxial
  2. Sliding and gliding
  3. Flat articular surfaces
24
Q

A hinge joint is?

A
  1. Uniaxial

2. Movements are flexion and extension (e.g ankle, elbow, interphalanges joints)

25
Q

A pivot joint is?

A
  1. Uniaxial

2. Movement is rotation (e.g radioulna joints, C1 and C2 vertebrae)

26
Q

A condylar joint is?

A
  1. Biaxial
  2. Flexion and extension
  3. Rotation (when flexed) - knee, temporomandibular joint
27
Q

The ellipsoid joint is?

A
  1. Biaxial
  2. Flexion and extension
  3. Abduction and adduction
  4. Therefore also circumduction
  5. NO rotation
28
Q

The saddle joint is?

A
  1. Biaxial
  2. Flexion and extension
  3. Abduction and adduction
  4. Therefore also circumduction
  5. Obligatory rotation (opposition)
29
Q

The ball and socket joint is?

A
  1. Multiaxial
  2. Flexion and extension
  3. Abduction and adduction
  4. Circumduction
  5. Rotation

HUBS191 (11 decks)

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