lecture 6 part 1

Question 1

DNA replication begins at sites within chromsomes termed

Answer 1

origins

Question 2

snRNPs are important components of

Answer 2

spliceosomes

Question 3

T or F the ribosome has three sites - EPA and the P site is where it’s activity is regulated by a phosphatase

Answer 3

F, the E site is regulated by a phosphatase

Question 4

T or F : Heterochromatic regions of chromosomes tend to be rich in expressed genes

Answer 4

F

Question 5

Activator or repressor proteins which bind DNA to regulate the transcription of genes do so mainly by

Answer 5

Non-covalent interactions between the protein and specific bases in the major groove of DNA

Question 6

__________&__________are frequently the home of simple repetitive sequences

Answer 6

Telomeres and centromeres, simple repetitive sequences

Question 7

____________ resides at replication forks

Answer 7

DNA polymerase

Question 8

DNA replication occurs __________

Answer 8

bidirectionally

Question 9

what are 2 examples of protein-DNA interactions

Answer 9

DNA repair and recombination

Question 10

what joins 2 DNA ends together

Answer 10

DNA ligase

Question 11

Access to chromosomal DNA of eucaryotes for both replication and gene expression can be controlled by _______________________

Answer 11

nucleosome dynamics

Question 12

________proteins make up nucleosomes that serve to package DNA into chromatin

Answer 12

Histone

Question 13

DNA is packaged by

specific proteins into ______ with a Packing factor of _______

Answer 13

chromatin 10,000x

Question 14

DNA is packaged by _______ which bind DNA to form

Answer 14

histones, nucleosomes

Question 15

Chromatin Histones are rich in ______ ______ ______

Answer 15

basic amino acids

Question 16

DNA has an _____ _____________ backbone

Answer 16

acidic phosphodiester

Question 17

what is part of the histone code

Answer 17

methlyation,acetylation phosphorylation

Question 18

Recall that ________ of the histones affect ______to the DNA for replication and transcription

Answer 18

modifications, access

Question 19

Remodeling complexes use the energy of ___ for chromatin switches associated with __________&______________

Answer 19

ATP, replication and transcription

Question 20

heterochromatin is usually more dense than ______ and contains less ____

Answer 20

euchromatin, genes

Question 21

Genomes contain chromosomal DNAs composed of different sequences that vary both in ____________&___________

Answer 21

complexity and their copy number

Question 22

what are 2 exaples of heterochromatin

Answer 22

telomeres and centromeres

Question 23

The nucleolus is

Answer 23

An area of the nucleus associated with rRNA synthesis

Question 24

Some genes such as _____ are ______ (multi-copy) and found in ______ blocks

Answer 24

rRNAs, repeated, large

Question 25

The process of _________ is a protein-DNA interaction coupled to RNA synthesis carried out by RNA _______

Answer 25

transcription, polymerases

Question 26

Prokaryotes use a single RNA polymerase, whereas eukaryotes have

Answer 26

3

Question 27

for regulatory proteins that can bind to the promoter can be

Answer 27

repressors or activators

Question 28

_____ acetylases modify the chromatin to lead to an open state that allows loading of general transcription _____ & _________

Answer 28

Histone, factors and RNA polymerase

Question 29

After accessing DNA in chromatin, the next major control level will be ________ of the gene

Answer 29

transcription

Question 30

transcription is a collaboration of ______ ______proteins and core RNA

Answer 30

gene regulatory, polymerases

Question 31

DNA binding domains are a key example of

Answer 31

Protein – DNA | interactions

Question 32

activator and repressor | gene regulatory proteins interact with general _______ factors & ____________

Answer 32

transcription factors and RNA polymerase

Question 33

TFIID binds the sequence ----- and bends the DNA beginning complex assembly to ultimately recruit and activate ____________

Answer 33

TATA, RNA polymerase