Lecture 7: Immunological Disorders

Question 1

Which Type of Hypersensitivity is Cell-Mediated?

Answer 1

Type IV Hypersensitivity is Cell Mediated

Question 2

What Types of Hypersensitivity are Humoral-Mediated (antibody dependent)?

Answer 2

Type I, II, and III

Question 3

IgE, mast cells and Basophils are involved in what type of Hypersensitivity?

Answer 3

Hypersensitivity Type I

Question 4

Hay Fever, allergic rhinititis, and bronchial asthma are all examples of Hypersensitivity Type ___

Answer 4

Type I: Local (atropy)

Question 5

A food or drug allergy that could result in anaphylaxis is what type of hypersensitivity?

Answer 5

Type 1: Systemic

Question 6

What are the early phase inflammatory mediators in Type I Hypersensitivity?

Answer 6

Histamine and Serotonin

Question 7

What are the Late Phase inflammatory mediators in Type I hypersensitivity?

Answer 7

Leukotrienes and Prostaglandins

Question 8

Which type of Hypersensitivity is mediated by antibodies against antigens on self cells or tissues?

Answer 8

Hypersensitivity Type II

Question 9

Transfusion rxns, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and Erthroblastosis fetalis are all examples of Hypersensitivity Type _____

Answer 9

Type II

Question 10

What mechanisms are involved in Hypersensitivity Type II?

Answer 10

• Complement-dependent reactions: cell lysis and opsonization
• ADCC

Question 11

Allergic contact dermatitis (eczma), tuberculin-rxn, and granulomatous hypersensitivity (leprosy) are all examples of hypersensitivity Type ____

Answer 11

Type IV

Question 12

What hypersensitivity is characterized by the over production of cytokines from Th1 and thus over stimulation of macrophages leading to tissue damage?

Answer 12

Hypersensitivity Type IV

Question 13

What type of Hypersensitivity is mediated by antibodies-antigen complex (immunocomplex-mediated)?

Answer 13

Type III

Question 14

What is the Systemic form of Type III Hypersensitivity?

Answer 14

• formation of immunocomplexes in circulation
• deposition into various tissues (facilitated by blood mast cells)
• Tissue destruction by discharge of neutrophils granule content

Question 15

Serum sickness, glomerlonephritis, and arthritis are all examples of Hypersensitivity Type _____

Answer 15

Type III: Systemic

Question 16

Farmers Lung is an example of what type of Hypersensitivity?

Answer 16

Type III: Local (arthus rxn)

-local formation and deposition of immunocomplexes

Question 17

Graves Disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lopus erythmatosus (SLE), Sjogren Syndrome, and Rheumatic Heart fever are all examples of __________

Answer 17

Autoimmunity Disorders

Question 18

What is Autoimmunity?

Answer 18

Reaction to Self-antigens

systemic or organ-specific

Question 19

What are the mechanisms involved in Autoimmunity?

Answer 19

• Modification of self antigen
• Molecular Mimicry
• Polyclonal activation/superantigens
• Imbalance of T-reg function
• Emergency sequestered antigens

Question 20

What are Primary Immunodeficiencys?

Answer 20

B-cell (antibody) deficiencies (X-linked, IgA deficiency)
T-cell Deficiencies
B & T-cell immunodeficiency (SCID)
Phagocytic disorders (chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)
Complement disorders: C3 Deficiency

Question 21

What are Secondary Immunodeficiencys?

Answer 21

(things that make you more susceptible)
Immature & newborn
Metabolic disorders
Immunosupressive agents
Infections (HIV)
Infiltration and hematologic diseases (sarciodosis & leukemia)
Surgery & trauma
Malnutrition