Lecture 7 'Personality Disorders' Flashcards
The general definition of personality disorder in the DSM 5 emphasizes the ________ of the pattern and the _______ impairment associated with the traits in question
duration
social
Personality disorders occur when personality traits are _________, _________ and __________ producing either a behavioural impairment or emotional distress
rigid, inflexible and maladaptive
Overall, males or females have higher prevalence rates of personality disorders?
Both equal
What are two classification problems of personality disorder?
> poor reliability when assessors don’t agree
> high comorbidity with other disorders
What are seven sources of diagnostic error when it comes to diagnosing personality disorders?
- personality traits are present in varying degrees in most people
- the diagnostic categories are defined by extremes
- clinician’s own views regarding personality features
- retrospective information
- higher level of interference required
- use of descriptive criteria
- source of information
What are the three P’s in the classification of personality disorder?
Persistent (over time)
Pervasive (across people/situations)
Pathological (clearly abnormal)
The general diagnostic criteria for a personality disorder has to show an enduring pattern of symptoms which is __________ and _______ across a range of situations. The pattern needs to be _______ and of ______ duration
inflexible
pervasive
stable
long-duration
Many symptoms of personality disorder are maladaptive variations of what two social motivations?
> Absence of motivation for affiliation
> Exaggerated motivation for power (and achievement)
Cluster A personality disorders involve which three types of PD’s?
paranoid
schizoid
schizotypal
Cluster B personality disorders involve which four types of PD’s?
borderline
antisocial
histrionic
narcissist
What are the three key features of Cluster A personality disorders?
Odd, quirky, eccentric
What are the three key features of Cluster B personality disorders?
Dramatic, emotional or erratic
People with paranoid personality disorder have difficulty ______ others because they tend to interpret what others say/do as _____________
trusting
directed at them
List characteristics of schizoid personality disorder
- Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression
List the key characteristic of schizotypal personality disorder
- Pervasive pattern of social/interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort, schizophrenia features
List the key characteristic of borderline personality disorder
- Pervasive pattern of unstable interpersonal relationships, self image, affect and impulsivity
List the key characteristic of antisocial personality disorder
- Pervasive pattern of disregard for / violation of rights of others
List the key characteristic of histrionic personality disorder
- pervasive pattern of excessive emotion and attention seeking behaviour
List the key characteristic of narcissistic personality disorder
- pervasive pattern of grandiosity (fantasy or behaviour), need for admiration, and lack of empathy
What are the two features of Cluster C personality disorders?
anxiety, fearfulness
What are the three personality disorders in Cluster C?
Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive Compulsive personality
List the key characteristic of avoidant personality disorder
- Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation
List the key characteristic of dependent personality disorder?
- Pervasive pattern of submissive and clinging behaviour (point out own inadequacies so others will look after them)
List the key characteristic of obsessive compulsive personality disorder?
- Pervasive pattern of perfectionism, inflexibility, orderliness, preoccupied with details and rules, extreme devotion to productivity (no leisure)
