Lecture 8

Question 1

what makes up a population?

Answer 1

a group of individuals of the same species living in a given area
have structure, including density, spacing, and age distribtution
are dynamic

Question 2

most animals are ___

Answer 2

unitary

Question 3

most plants are __

Answer 3

modular

Question 4

specialized stems that grow above the ground surface

Answer 4

stolons

Question 5

specialized stems that grow below the ground surface

Answer 5

rhizomes

Question 6

new stems that sprout from surface roots

Answer 6

suckers

Question 7

produced by sexual reproduction

Answer 7

genet

Question 8

produced by asexual reproduction

Answer 8

ramet

Question 9

group of ramets

Answer 9

clonal colony

Question 10

geographically widespread distribution

Answer 10

ubiquitous

Question 11

restricted distribution

Answer 11

endemic

Question 12

defines the size of a population

Answer 12

abundance

Question 13

the number of individuals per unit area

Answer 13

crude density

Question 14

three distribution patters

Answer 14

random, uniform, clumped

Question 15

number of individuals per unit of available living space

Answer 15

ecological density

Question 16

a sampling that is being used if an organism is sessile

Answer 16

quadrats

Question 17

most commonly used technique to measure animal population size

Answer 17

mark-recapture

Question 18

three ecologically important age classes

Answer 18

prereproductive, reproductive, postreporoductive

Question 19

counting annual growth rings to determinee the age of the tree

Answer 19

dendrochronology

Question 20

movement of individuals in space

Answer 20

dispersal

Question 21

individuals leave a subpopulatio

Answer 21

emigration

Question 22

individuals enter a subpopulation

Answer 22

immigration

Question 23

two factors in determining abundance

Answer 23

population density and distribution

Question 24

unit of construction

Answer 24

module

Question 25

the characteristics in determining age

Answer 25

- wear and replacement of teeth - growth rings in teeth/horns - plumage changes (bird's feathers) - annual growth rings in scales or ear bones in fish

Question 26

defines population growth

Answer 26

mortality and reproduction

Question 27

the population growth increases if ___

Answer 27

birth rate is higher than death rate

Question 28

the sex ratio shifts towards females in ___

Answer 28

older age class

Question 29

males generally have _____ life span than females

Answer 29

shorter

Question 30

in birds, the number of males tend to be higher than females. why is that so?

Answer 30

nesting females are susceptible to attach and predator