Lecture 8

Question 1

Identify the major tissues that make up the endocrine system, and the main hormones derived from them

Answer 1

Pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, ovary and testis are the major endocrine glands. Hypothalamus controls the endocrine system. The ovary and testis make the sex steroids which is a type of steroid hormone. In the adrenal glands cortex make corticosteroid hormones. The thyroid makes the thyroid hormones and the pancreas makes insulin.

Question 2

Name the three major hormone classes

Answer 2

Steroid hormones, amino acid hormones, peptide hormones and eicsanoid hormones

Question 3

What subclasses can sex hormones be derived into

Answer 3

Estrogen, testostorone and progesterone

Question 4

Amino acid signaling subclasses

Answer 4

noradrenaline and epinephrine

Question 5

Corticosteroid hormones subclasses

Answer 5

glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids

Question 6

Describe, in basic terms, the mode of signaling for all hormone classes

Answer 6

Steroid hormones are lipid derived and can pass through membranes. Amino acid siganlling act on membrane bound receptors. Peptide hormones acts on transmembrane receptors and they are encoded in the DNA. Eicanosoid hormones act mostly short range.

Question 7

steroid hormones subclasses

Answer 7

progestogens, corticosteroids (corticoids), androgens, and estrogens.