Lecture 8

Question 1

Bandura’s Perspective

Answer 1

View people as a agents of their own experiences

Question 2

Triadic Reciprocal

Answer 2

Bandura:
- The regulation of human behavior by the interplay of behavioral, cognitive and environmental factors

Personal (cog, affective, biological) - Environmental- Behavioral determinants

Question 3

How do people learn according to Bandura

Answer 3

• Learn through observation (by following a model) rather than conditioning
• they don’t learn just by experiencing rewards
• Imitation(mimicking) & modeling (matching structure or style)
• Models inform us of possible consequences

Question 4

Bobo doll

Answer 4

Bandura
- Showed how a child will model behavior done by adults
Disinhibition- behaviors a person suppresses or inhibits may be performed more readily with the influence of a model

Question 5

The most important reinforcer (Bandura)

Answer 5

The Self

Question 6

Self-Regulation (Bandura)

Answer 6

occurs through self-monitoring, self-judgment and affective self reaction
- People regulate their own behavior by setting standards of conduct for themselves and responding to their own actions in self-rewarding or punishing ways.

Question 7

Bandura talks about the perils off..

Answer 7

Violence on television

Question 8

Moral Disengagement (possible short answer)

Answer 8

Tv violence (Bandura)
- MD permits individuals and institutions to perpetuate and encourage violence and inhuman activities while justifying their behaviors.
- In the self-regulatory process, moral sanctions can be activated or disengaged, - support destructive behaviors by reducing pro-social feeling and by encouraging cognitive and emotional reactions that favor aggression

Question 9

self-efficacy (Bandura)

Answer 9

Central to Banduras theory
- Belief that we can successfully perform behaviors that will produce desired effects

• arises from past accomplishments
• efficacy influences areas such as : family functioning, prosocial behavior, academic confidence and success, vocational choices and health
• Collective self-efficacy: occurs when a group believes in the groups ability to perform behaviors that will produce desired effects

-Central to personal agency and self-regulation

Question 10

lacking self-efficacy

Answer 10

• may develop avoidance patterns
• people who lack essential efficacy also may become depressed

Question 11

Psychotherapy and Self-efficacy

Answer 11

• Behavioral modification: modeling as an aid of changing behavior
  
  • People who behave dysfunctionally have poor sense of self-efficacy- avoid situations- give up easily- do not have corrective experiences
• Therapeutics strategies are designed to help patients improve their perception over their own effectiveness through guided mastery experiences
• Interventions work by increasing efficacy expectations and thus leading people to believe that they can cope with the difficult situations that threatened them before
• Cultivating self-efficacy is important to the therapeutic process

Question 12

Locus of control vs Self-efficacy

Answer 12

Locus of control (Julian Rotter)
- Belief that reinforcments are controlled either by one’s own behavior or outside forces
- Self-efficacy refers to the belief that one is able to perform certain actions; Locus of control -anticipate whether one’s actions will influence outcomes I-E Scale measures individual’s perception of control

(I) - internally controlled individuals: assumes ones owns actions are responsible for the consequences that happen to them
(E) - Externally controlled individuals believe that control is out of their hands

Believed that extreme locus of control in either direction was unhealthy and balance is healthy

Question 13

Cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS)

Answer 13

(Walter Mischel - Marshmallow studies)
- Personality is stable system that mediates selection, construction and processing of information that generated social behavior