Lecture #9 Flashcards
What does each spinal nerve split into inside the vertebral column?
A Dorsal and a ventral root
What is the dorsal root And what does it do?
A collection of cell bodies of sensory neurons whose axons conduct impulses from periphery body parts into the spinal cord
What is a dermatome?
An area of skin innervated by the sensory nerve fibers of a particular spinal nerve
What is the ventral root and what does it do?
A motor root consisting of axons of motor neurons who’s cell bodies are in the spinal cord
What is a spinal nerve?
The union of ventral (anterior) and dorsal (posterior) roots
What is a mixed nerve?
A ventral and a dorsal root
What is a nerve plexus?
A complex Netwerk formed by ventral rami of spinal nerves
What are the three nervous plexuses?
Cervical, brachial, and lumbar
What spinal segments make up the brachial plexus?
C5 through T1
What are the five branches of the brachial plexus?
Musculocutaneous nerve, ulnar nerve, medial nerve, radial nerve, and auxiliary nerve
What spinal segments forms the lumbosacral plexus?
L1 through S4
What are the Three main nerves in the lumbosacral plexus?
Obturator nerve, femoral nerve, and the sciatic nerve
What is and what does the autonomic nervous system do?
It is a branch of the peripheral nervous system that is involuntarily controlled, and it helps regulate smooth and cardiac muscles and glands to maintain homeostasis
What are afferent neurons?
Sensory neurons
What are efferent neurons?
Motor neurons
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
The sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions
What does the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system do?
Is activated in the fight or flight mode/stressful situations
What does the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system do?
Is active in the rest and digest stage/non-stressful situations
What spinal sections make up the thoracolumbar division?
T1 to L2
What is the difference between preganglionic and postganglionic fibers?
Preganglionic neurons connect the autonomic nervous system to the ganglia, and postganglionic neurons connect the autonomic nervous system to the effector organs
What is another name for the parasympathetic division?
The craniosacral division
What does a cholinergic neuron do?
Releases acetylcholine
What are the four types of autonomic neurotransmitter receptors?
Cholinergic receptors, muscarinic receptors, nicotinic receptors, adrenergic receptors
What do cholinergic receptors do?
Bind to acetylcholine
