lecture #9 Flashcards
(32 cards)
Opium is from
opium poppy seeds
opium is a mixture of chemicals with the most prevalent being _____ , __________
morphine and codeine
derivatives of opium are known as
opioids
heroin
derivative of morphine by acetylation
buprenorphine
partial agonist, lessens euphoric effects
Methadone
opioid that behaves like heroin but with less euphoric effects and long acting
chronic pain
5th vital sign
abuse is
used for the feeling to get high
tolerance
effect of drug wears off, need more for the same effect
dependence has two types
psychological dependance cravings
physiological: withdrawal upon cessation.
what is hyperalgesia
heightened sensitivity to pain that occurs from opioid use
addiction
compusive use, despite harm
clinical effects of opioids
contains opoid receptors in the cerbral cortex for pain relief and medulla for euphoria (respiratory depression
potency is not as important as dose
dose rate importance example
oxycontin not meant to be chewed or crushed. need to reformulate into uncrushable
Naloxone
antidote for opioid sandoz, teva, perrigo competitive antagoism
opioid withdrawal syndromes
piloerection (goose flesh) chills, V/N
OWS can be treated with
methadone, buprenophrine
small volitable products that makes distilled drinks distinct
clinical effects of ethanol
abosptive, toxic, elimination
legal limit
80 mg/dL
drunk?
BAC via breath analyzer + FST
how alcohol affects CNS
- change the fluid components of menbrane, haldane effect
- inhibits GABA receptor chloride channel complex
sedatives
GABA chloride channel