Lecture 9 - Augmented Feedback Flashcards
What is your role in the progression of a skill?
Providing feedback and designing practice
What is practice designed to achieve for future performance?
Enhance retention + transfer of learning
What are the two feedback categories?
Sensory feedback(internal) and Augmented feedback(external)
What is internal feedback?
The sensory-perceptual information that naturally occurs when performing a motor skill (visual, auditory, vestibular, somatosensory)
- internal sensory
What is Augmented Feedback?
Information provided about the performance of the motor skill that enhances or adds to the learner’s own sensory feedback
comes from an external source(visual demonstration, verbal instruction, biofeedback, etc.)
What are the 4 properties of Augmented Feedback?
Motivational, Reinforcing, Informational, Dependency-Producing
What is motivational Augmented Feedback? When is this needed/used?
Feedback used as motivation to increase efforts to achieve goal; needed if skill is boring or when making minimal progress
What is the Reinforcing augmented Feedback Property?
Feedback used as reinforcement which causes actions to be repeated (+/- reinforcement) or actions to be avoided(punishment)
Positive reinforcement -giving a reward for asked behaviour
Negative reinforcement - a negative feeling taken away when the asked behaviour is produced
What is the informational Augmented Feedback Property?
Feedback used to develop and refine movement patterns and correct errors
What is The Dependency-Producing Augmented Feedback property?
if too frequent feedback is provided, learner’s rely too heavily on feedback and performance suffers when feedback is withdrawn
What are the 4 main practical questions for feedback?
Whether or not to provided feedback?
What type of feedback?
How often to provide feedback?
When to provide the Feedback?
Whether or not to Give Feedback
Can be essential - sensory feedback not available, complex motor skill
May not be needed - Sensory feedback is sufficient
Can enhance - allow goal to be achieved more rapidly
Can hinder - if provided too frequently; if incorrect
What type of feedback to provide? what are the different types of feedback? (hint: there are 10).
Knowledge or Results vs knowledge of performance
Errors vs correct performance
Descriptive vs Prescriptive
Qualitative vs Quantitative
Program vs Parameter
What are the 4 methods of delivery?
Verbal, Visual, Manual, Biofeedback
What is biofeedback?
Provides information in real time about physiological or biomechanical processes using instrumentation
needs to provide information that you can actually use to modify movement
KR vs KP feedback; What are they and when do you use them?
KR: to confirm learner’s own assessment of sensory feedback
- to motivate, when learner can’t determine outcome using own sensory info,
KP: When motor skills must be performed to specified movement characteristics
- when specific components of the skill need to be improved, when KR is redundant with sensory feedback
What is error feedback? When to use it?
Focus on the most critical error at the time; error feedback is more effective for learning
What is correct Performance Feedback?
Feedback on what is done correctly
- important for early Learning for motivation but not sufficient by itself to produce the best results
What is the Sandwich Approach and why is it good?
Think of it like building a sandwich; start at the bottom
3. Motivational Feedback
2. Error Feedback - most critical error made
1. Reinforcement feedback (what is correct)
WHY? - addresses 3/4 properties of feedback
What is descriptive Feedback?
Feedback that describes the error made; directs attention to a particular aspect of a movement; don’t tell them how to fix it, just direct their attention towards the error; more useful for experienced learners
- e.g.: your backswing is wrong
What is Prescriptive Feedback?
Feedback that describes the error made and suggests something to do to fix it
- suggests a specific correction for the error
- more useful for beginners
What is Qualitative Feedback?
Feedback is descriptive and indicates the quality of performance
- more useful for beginners as it allows learner to get “into the ballpark” of what they need to do
What is Quantitative Feedback?
Feedback includes a numerical value related to the magnitude of a performance characteristic
- more useful for experienced learners as it allows refinement of the motor skill
What is Program Feedback?
Feedback that provides error information about the underlying structure of the generalized motor program
- more useful for beginners
