Lecture 9 - High Yield

Question 1

What is the most common long bone to be fractured?

Answer 1

Tibia

Question 2

What makes the tibia a good source for bone grafts?

Answer 2

The anteromedial surface is “bare”

Question 3

Discuss the different retinacula of the foot (there are 4 of them)

Answer 3

Superior (extensor) Retinaculum: proximal to malleoli, binds tendons in anterior crural compartment; covers deep peroneal nerve and anterior tibial artery

Inferior (extensor) Retinaculum: “Y” shaped; covers deep peroneal nerve and anterior tibial artery

Flexor Retinaculum: Binds tendons of the deep posterior compartment and covers the tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery

Superior/Inferior Peroneal Retinacula: Binds tendons of lateral crural compartment (peroneus/fibularis longus and brevis)

Question 4

Describe the tibial nerve

Answer 4

Supplies all muscles in posterior compartment; divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves inferior and posterior to medial malleolus; gives off medial sural cutaneous nerve; joins with communicating branch of common peroneal (fibular) nerve to form the sural nerve (cutaneous)

Question 5

What is the largest branch of the popliteal artery?

Answer 5

Posterior tibial artery, which divides into medial and lateral plantar arteries deep to origin of abductor hallucis muscle

Question 6

What is considered the most important branch of the posterior tibial artery?

Answer 6

Peroneal (fibular) artery, which supplies lateral compartment and popliteus muscles and supplies other muscles in posterior compartment