lecture 9 - social life Flashcards
(15 cards)
what are the benefits of living in a group?
predation, joint foraging, defence of territory, care of offspring and information
what are the benefits of predation?
When in a group there are more eyes looking out and so can see predators more, from further away – can see them coming
Also when in a group can fight off predators
what are the benefits of joint foraging?
If forage together get more than if alone even tho you have to share it
If in a group can coordinate which makes it easier to be successful
what are the benefits of defending territory?
Easier to defend territory if more of you
what are the benefits of information?
if more of you, there are more opportunities to learn and comm what found
what are the costs of group living?
How much they move to get enough food – bigger the group the more you need to move – less grass to yourself and so have to move around so that you get enough food
how does stress and group size link?
If we increase group size we decrease cortisol levels
in cooperation what is there always?
a cost
what does an actor benefit and recipient benefit equal
mutual benefit
what does an Actor cost + recipient benefit =
altruism - comes with an evolutionary cost
what does an Actor benefit + recipient cost =
parasite
what does an Actor cost + recipient cost =
spite
what is direct reciprocity?
A helps B and B will help A in the future (Conditional strategy - ‘tit for tat’)
- need the cost to be less than the benefit
what is indirect reciprocity?
A helps B and is thereby more likely to be helped by C
Complicated web of who you have helped to get help on a regular basis
We think of people as helpful rather than this person has helped me – reputation and so are more likely to be helped by another party
how can behs transmit from one generation to another?
genes and culturally
