Lecture B

Question 1

What are the layers of the nasal cavity called?

Answer 1

3 Conchae

Question 2

What are the 3 conchae called?

Answer 2

Anterior, Medial, Posterior

Question 3

What is the anterior conchae made up of?

Answer 3

Squamous epithelium

Question 4

What is the medial conchae made up of?

Answer 4

Ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 5

What is the posterior conchae made up of?

Answer 5

Olfactory membrane

Question 6

What glands are present in the nasal cavity?

Answer 6

Mucosal & Nasal

Question 7

What extras are found in the nasal cavity?

Answer 7

Oropharynx, Choanal opening, Rima glottis (Opening to larynx)

Question 8

What is a birds trachea made up of?

Answer 8

Cartilaginous rings, Muco-Ciliary, Secreting glands

Question 9

What is the vocal chord in a bird called?

Answer 9

Syrinx

Question 10

What is the structure of the syrinx?

Answer 10

Caudal end trachea, clavicular air sac

Question 11

What do birds have that most others don’t?

Answer 11

Air sacs

Question 12

Lung structure in birds?

Answer 12

Parabronchi, Air capillaries, Air sacs

Question 13

What are the parabronchi?

Answer 13

Tiny tubes air passes

Question 14

What don’t the air sacs do?

Answer 14

Air diffusion

Question 15

What are the 6 transport functions in birds circulatory system?

Answer 15

Respiratory gases, Nutrients, Waste products, Hormones, Circulate antibodies, Enzymes

Question 16

Maintenance of homeostasis?

Answer 16

Thermoregulation, Blood pH

Question 17

Third function circulatory system?

Answer 17

Clotting mechanism

Question 18

Which animals have a closed circulatory system?

Answer 18

Annelids, Cephalopods, Vertebrates

Question 19

Main advantages of a closed circulatory system are….

Answer 19

Rapid flow, blood to tissues, high metabolic activity

Question 20

Cardiovascular system adaptations in birds?

Answer 20

No mixing of blood, exchange maximised

Question 21

10 parts of the avian reproduction system?

Answer 21

Ovary, Oviduct, Ovum, Fimbriae, Infundibulum, Chalaziferous, Magnum, Isthmus, Shell gland, Vagina, Cloaca

Question 22

Ovary characteristics?

Answer 22

Pear shaped, 60g mature, Follicles (hierarchy)

Question 23

Oviduct characteristics?

Answer 23

Whole system, 700mm long, smooth muscle, ANS nerves

Question 24

What two things come after oviduct?

Answer 24

Ovum, Fimbriae

Question 25

Infundibulum characteristics?

Answer 25

Engulfs ovum, site fertilisation

Question 26

Chalaziferous characteristics?

Answer 26

Chords to hold yolk are here, sperm storage

Question 27

Magnum characteristics?

Answer 27

Albumin secreting regions, longest section

Question 28

Isthmus characteristics?

Answer 28

Forms shell membrane

Question 29

Shell gland characteristics?

Answer 29

Pouch like

Question 30

Vagina characteristics?

Answer 30

Short, muscular layers, contracts with shell gland, expel egg at oviposition, sperm storage

Question 31

What comes last in reproductive system?

Answer 31

Cloaca

Question 32

Male reproductive system characteristics?

Answer 32

Two testes, Bean shape, Against backbone, Front of kidneys, Deferent duct (from testes to cloaca), Left larger in mating, Epididymis, Seminiferous tubules, Testes (produce androgen)

Question 33

Excretory system characteristics?

Answer 33

Two kidneys, 3 lobes, Behind lungs, Renal cortex & medulla, two types nephrons, Mammalian (small no), Reptilian (large no), each ureter, no bladder, high uric acid

Question 34

(Practical slides) - Male Repro -

Answer 34

Rudimentary phallus, corkscrew

Question 35

(Practical slides) - Female Repro -

Answer 35

Maturity (18-24 weeks), Yolk (ova & nutrients), Yolk (20 days in follicle), infundibulum doesn't enclose whole ovaries