Lecture Exam 1 Flashcards
(39 cards)
what are the core values of the PTA?
- accountability
- altruism
- compassion/caring
- excellence
- integrity
- professional duty
- social responsibility
what is the purpose of the PTA algorithm?
to reflect current policies & positions on the problem-solving processes used by PTAs in the provision of selected interventions
define strength
the ability of a mm to generate force that’s intended to increase mm strength & mass
how does strength change during the lifespan?
strength decreases as you age
what are different methods to measure mm strength?
- MMT
- cable tensiometry
- dynamometry
- isotonic 1 rep lift
- isokinetics
- functional strength assessment
what are factors that influence strength?
- intensity of resistance exercise (weight)
- volume of exercise (sets & reps)
- age
- gender
- PMHx
name and describe the types of mm fibers
type l: slow twitch
- for endurance activities
- fatigue resistant
- aerobic work
type ll: fast twitch
- fires with more force
- provides power, speed, & strength
name & describe the different types of mm contractions
isometric: hold the contraction
isotonic:
- concentric: slow & controlled up
- eccentric: slow & controlled down
isokinetic: speed/velocity is held constant by a machine
name and describe the parameters used to guide progression of strength training
- exercise order: big mm before small///multi jt before single jt///high intensity before low
- frequency: how often?
- duration: how long?
- volume: how many sets/reps?
- intensity
- rest intervals
what does S.A.I.D stand for, and what is the SAID principle?
Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands
the body will adapt according to the type of training that is used, so training needs to be specifically tailored to meet goals
name & describe the types of training used under the SAID principle
- specificity of training: the specific & predictable adaptations a mm goes through in response to specific training
- transfer training: there can be a carryover effect from one exercise/task to another
- reversibility: adaptive changes in response to specific training are reversible (USE IT OR LOSE IT)
overload principle
- for a muscle to adapt & get stronger, you have to overload
- it challenges the mm to perform at a greater level to improve its performance
DOMS
delayed onset muscle soreness
- diffuse, general soreness
- pain
- swelling
- tenderness
- reduced ROM
- stiffness
- decreased strength
what are treatment options for DOMS?
NSAIDS
exercise
TENS unit
name the types of exercise programs for building strength
- DeLorme
- Oxford
- DAPRE
describe the DeLorme Program
incremental increase in resistance
first, establish 10 rep-max weight
1x10, 50% of 10RM
1x10, 75% of 10RM
1x10, 100% of 10RM
describe the Oxford program
incremental decrease in resistance as the mm fatigues
first, establish 10 rep-max weight
1x10, 100% of 10RM
1x10, 75% of 10RM
1x10, 50% of 10RM
describe the DAPRE program
describe how strength training is tailored to the older adult population
- start with low resistance & reps (increase slowly)
- avoid high resistance to decrease stress on jts
- 2-3x/week with 48 hour rest break
- use a balance of flexion & extension exercises
studies show best at 3x8, 80% of 1RM/3x a week for 12 weeks
describe how strength training is tailored to the younger population
- submax resistance exercises
- non ballistic slow, controlled motions
define & describe plyometrics
definition: intense power generating exercises
often used at the end of rehab programs
- jumping
- skipping
- hopping
- throwing/catching a weighted object
describe an open kinetic chain (OKC)
- distal segment moves
- independent jt movements
- movement of body segments distal to the moving jt only
- typically NWB
- resistance is applied to the moving distal segment
- external stabilization
describe a closed kinetic chain (CKC)
- distal segment remains fixed/in contact with support surface
- interdependent jt movements
- movement of body segments may occur distal and/or proximal to the moving jt
- mm activation occurs in multiple mm groups, both distal & proximal to the jt
- resistance is applied to multiple moving segments
- internal stabilization
what is V02 max?
the measure of the body’s ability to use O2/the max amount of O2 used per minute when performing at max effort
- ml per kg of weight per minute
