Lecture Exam Lower Limb Questions Flashcards
(25 cards)
Which of the following bones form the posterior portion of the pelvic girdle?
Sacrum
It is common for elderly patients to experience a decrease in bone density as they age. This condition is referred to clinically as Osteoporosis. Review the angle of inclination on the femur. Recall that this is the biochemically favorable angle created by the head of the femur as it sites within the acetabulum. Similar to the proximal end of the humerus, the femur also has two necks: surgical and anatomical. If we think about the location of the anatomical neck, it is directly inferior to the head. As such, there is a force experienced at this location that is not experienced elsewhere. If you have a patient with osteoporosis, how might this impact the anatomical neck of the femur?
It will cause the neck to weaken and fracture from normal bone stress. The fracture would cause the person to fall.
There are unique characteristics for male and female pelves. Forensic scientists use these differences to their advantage. As such, there are two pelves in the lab taken from an archeology site for identification. Specimen 1 has a narrow pelvic brim and outlet, deep sciatic notch, and more prominent bone markings. Specimen 2 has a slight forward tilt, pelvic arch of 55, and ventral sacral promontory. What can you deduce about the two specimens?
. Both specimens are male
Which of the following is not found on the proximal end of the tibia?
Lateral malleolus
The most common fractures of the ankle are located at the medial and lateral malleoli?
True
Clubfoot cannot be treated.
False
One could argue that the knee is the most complex joint in the body. Although the synovial joint capsule, extracapsular and intracapsular ligaments, bursa, patellar ligament, patella, and quadriceps tendon adds structural integrity to this joint, it is still frequently prone to injury in both contact and noncontact sports. Female athletes are particularly at risk for injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to that statistic?
Females have slower muscle reaction time
Female-specific hormones affect joint laxity
Females have a wider pelvis
Females have a narrower intercondylar fossa
Cartilage tears, particularly in the meniscus, is capable of healing itself if given rest and anti-inflammatory drug therapy.
False
During the 17th to 19th centuries in the United Kingdom, rich middle-aged noble men commonly experienced painful swelling within their joints, usually of the feet. Due to their wealth and status, these individuals regularly treated themselves to red meat and fine whiskey. What condition did these men suffer from
Gout
The muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh (hamstrings):
Extend the thigh at the hip and flex the leg at the knee
With the exception of the short head of biceps femoris, all the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh are innervated by the:
tibial branch of the sciatic nerve
Which muscle is considered part adductor and part hamstring in motion?
Adductor Magnus
All muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg, both superficial and deep, are innervated by which of the following?
Tibial nerve
All muscle on the sole of the foot, found in all four layers, are innervated by the tibial nerve.
True
The gluteus medius is an important muscle for walking.
True
You are concerned that a patient has atherosclerosis in the femoral artery. What is something you can do in the examination room to at least confirm there is a compromise in blood flow through this artery?
Check the pulse in the popliteal artery
Which of the following is the prime mover for dorsiflexion?
Tibialis anterior
All hamstring muscles have a common origin from the:
Ischial tuberosity
During plantar flexion:
The toes are pointed down
Compression of lumbar spinal nerves could significantly affect gait. Which of the following muscles would NOT be affected during this occurrence
piriformis
The sciatic nerve is actually comprised of two nerves: the femoral and tibial nerves.
False
The tibial nerve innervates muscles in the thigh, leg, and foot.
True
A patient is admitted to the ER with a deep penetrating wound to the buttocks. Upon examination, the patient cannot flex their leg at the knee or move the foot at the ankle. Which of the following nerves have been severed?
Sciatic nerve
“Footdrop” is observed in a patient who has sustained a crushing injury to the neck of the fibula. Which of the following nerves have been damaged
Common fibular nerve
