Lectures 1-4

Question 1

What is anatomical position

Answer 1

Upright

Face forward

Feet forward

Palms face forward

Question 2

What is homeostasis

Answer 2

The process by which living organisms maintain their internal environment despite fluctuations in external environment

Question 3

Top (or towards the top) in anatomical terms

Answer 3

Cranial or cephalic

Question 4

Behind in anatomical terms

Answer 4

Posterior or dorsal

Question 5

Infront in anatomical terms

Answer 5

Anterior or ventral

Question 6

Higher up in anatomical terms

Answer 6

Superior

Question 7

Lower down in anatomical terms

Answer 7

Inferior

Question 8

Toward the midline in anatomical terms

Answer 8

Medial

Question 9

Further up or down the midline in anatomical terms

Answer 9

Distal

Question 10

Further to the right or left in the midline in anatomical terms

Answer 10

Lateral

Question 11

Closer in anatomical terms

Answer 11

Proximal

Question 12

Deep is _________ to/from the surface

Answer 12

Further

Question 13

Superficial is __________ to/from the surface

Answer 13

Closer

Question 14

What is the sagittal plane

Answer 14

Vertical midline of the body. Splits the body into a left and right side

Question 15

What is the coronal plane

Answer 15

Divides the body into a front and back side

Question 16

What is the transverse plane

Answer 16

Divides the body into a top and bottom half

Question 17

What movement occurs in the sagittal plane

Answer 17

Front and back movements

Flexion and extension

Question 18

What movement occurs in the coronal plane

Answer 18

Side to side movements

Abduction and adduction

Question 19

What movement occurs in the transverse plane

Answer 19

Rotating movements

Question 20

Whats the movement where your palms face anterior called?

Answer 20

Supination

Question 21

Whats the movement where your palms face posterior called

Answer 21

Pronation

Question 22

Ankle flexion

Answer 22

Dorsiflexion

Question 23

Dorsiflexion

Answer 23

Ankle flexion

Question 24

Ankle extension

Answer 24

Plantarflexion

Question 25

Plantarflexion

Answer 25

Ankle extension

Question 26

Bottom (or towards the bottom) in anatomical terms

Answer 26

caudal

Question 27

Sole of foot faces towards midline

Answer 27

Inversion

Question 28

Inversion

Answer 28

Sole of foot faces towards midline

Question 29

When the controlled variable moves too far from set point and the body responds by doing something to bring the variable back to ‘normal’

Answer 29

Feedback

Question 30

Feedback

Answer 30

When the controlled variable moves too far from set point and the body responds by doing something to bring the variable back to ‘normal’

Question 31

When there is anticipation of an event that will change the controlled variable so the body does something to minimise the effect

Answer 31

Feedforward

Question 32

Feedforward

Answer 32

When there is anticipation of an event that will change the controlled variable so the body does something to minimise the effect

Question 33

What are the functions of a skeleton

Answer 33

1. Support 2. Movement 3. Protection 4. Storage 5. Red blood cell formation (red marrow)

Question 34

1. Support 2. Movement 3. Protection 4. Storage 5. Red blood cell formation (red marrow)

Answer 34

What are the functions of a skeleton

Question 35

Compact bone

Answer 35

- good at transmitting force down one direction - Often found down the shaft of weight bearing bones

Question 36

- good at transmitting force down one direction - Often found down the shaft of weight bearing bones

Answer 36

Compact bone

Question 37

Cancellous bone

Answer 37

- Often found at the end of limb bones - good at taking force from multiple directions and directing into a straight force by the time it gets down to the shaft

Question 38

- Often found at the end of limb bones - good at taking force from multiple directions and directing into a straight force by the time it gets down to the shaft

Answer 38

Cancellous bone

Question 39

What are the bone classes

Answer 39

1. Long bones 2. Short bones 3. Flat bones 4. Irregular bones

Question 40

Ends of the bone

Answer 40

Epiphysis

Question 41

Epiphysis

Answer 41

Ends of the bone

Question 42

Where the red marrow is for forming red blood cells

Answer 42

The medullary cavity

Question 43

Long bones

Answer 43

1. Longer than they are wide 2. Act as levers for movement 3. Thicker compact bone 4. Usually limb bones

Question 44

Short bones

Answer 44

1. Close to equal width and length 2. Mostly made of cancellous bone, but thin compact bone portion on the outside 3. Good at weight bearing from multiple directions

Question 45

Flat bones

Answer 45

1. Function is muscle attachment. Flat surfaces are great for muscle attachment due to large surface area for muscle to attach to 2. They’re made of thin plates of compact bone with cancellous bone in the middle

Question 46

Irregular bones

Answer 46

1. Not long, round or square, just cancellous or flat 2. Often have foramina (holes) used to allow blood vessels to go through

Question 47

What are the two divisions of the skeleton?

Answer 47

Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton

Question 48

What is the purpose of the axial skeleton

Answer 48

Bones of the core Protection of vital organs

Question 49

What is the purpose of the appendicular skeleton

Answer 49

Bones of the limbs Most important for movement

Question 50

What are the major bones if the skull (axial skeleton) and their functions

Answer 50

Cranium (vault) encloses the brain Muscle attachments Facial bones Protect and support sensory organs