Lectures 1-5

Question 1

When was the term ‘avant garde’ first used and by who?

Answer 1

Saint Simon first used the term in 1852

Question 2

When was the double revolution in France?

Answer 2

La période entre la révolution politique commençant en 1789 et la révolution industrielle

Question 3

What were indicators of modernity?

Answer 3

Usine vs campagne
Beauté du carburateur
Monet vs Gérôme

Question 4

What did the war cause?

Answer 4

Fin de l’ère de l’individu et productions culturelles massives

Question 5

When was the ‘loi de la liberté de la presse’ introduced and by who?

Answer 5

Eugène Lisbonne on 29th July 1881

Question 6

What does the ‘loi de la liberté de la presse’ do?

Answer 6

Protect all journalists

Question 7

What years were the era of information and mechanics?

Answer 7

1870-1890

Question 8

What 2 art movements were popular between 1870-1890?

Answer 8

Impressionism and art nouveau

Question 9

What happened in 1882?

Answer 9

Mass alphabetisation

Question 10

When was relativity discovered?

Answer 10

1905

Question 11

Political groups in 1890-1910

Answer 11

Socialism and SFIO

Question 12

What is the SFIO?

Answer 12

Section françiase de l’internationale ouvrière

Question 13

Between what years were abstract art and cubism popular?

Answer 13

1890-1910

Question 14

When was the Bolshevik revolution?

Answer 14

1917

Question 15

When was ww1?

Answer 15

1914-1918

Question 16

What was a catalytic factor for the start of ww1?

Answer 16

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand in june 1914

Question 17

When was the term ‘impressionism’ first used and by who?

Answer 17

Louis Leroy in 1874

Question 18

In what context was the term ‘impressionism’ first used ?

Answer 18

It was used in reference to Monet’s ‘Impression, soleil levant’ (1872)

Question 19

What was at the heart of impressionism?

Answer 19

Academic rejection

Question 20

Name 4 impressonist painters

Answer 20

Edouard Manet
Claude Monet
Gustave Caillebotte
Pierre Auguste Renoir

Question 21

When was Edouard Manet born and when did he die?

Answer 21

1832-1883

Question 22

What impressionist artist was born in 1840 and died in 1926?

Answer 22

Claude Monet

Question 23

Gustave Caillebotte was alive between what years?

Answer 23

1848 and 1894

Question 24

When was Pierre Auguste Renoir born and when did he die?

Answer 24

1841 to 1926

Question 25

Give 3 characteristics of impressionist art

Answer 25

- Aspects of daily life - Scenes and objects seen as vulgar such as naked women - Fleeting moments

Question 26

What was the salon system between 1863 and 1903

Answer 26

1.Salon des Refusés 1863 2.Sociéte anonyme des artistes, peintures, sculptures, gravuers est créée en 1873 3.L’exhibition impressioniste 1874 4.Salon des indépendantes 1884 5.Le Salon d’Autonome 1903

Question 27

Why was impressionist art rejected during the second empire?

Answer 27

It wasn't seen as traditional and often reflected areas of life that were vulgar

Question 28

When and why was the Eiffel tower constructed?

Answer 28

It was built in 1889 for the Exposition Universelle

Question 29

Who was Baron Haussmann?

Answer 29

le préfet de la Seine entre 1853 et 1870

Question 30

How many people lived in Paris in 1861?

Answer 30

1.7 million

Question 31

How many people lived in Paris in 1911?

Answer 31

3 Million

Question 32

In which years were the most important expositions universelles?

Answer 32

1878, 1889, 1900

Question 33

What were the motivations of Haussmannisation?

Answer 33

Hygiène, economie and politiques

Question 34

What epidemic took over Paris during 1800s

Answer 34

Choléra

Question 35

Who was Charles Renouvier, what did he does and when was he alive?

Answer 35

Né en 1815 et mort en 1903, il était un philosophe qui fonde le néo-criticisme et créé le terme "uchronie"

Question 36

When was the French national anthem written and by who?

Answer 36

La Marseillaise était écrit en 1792 par Claude Joseph rouget de Lisle

Question 37

What are the 2 'lois scolaires de Jules Ferry?

Answer 37

16 juin 1881: l’école gratuite 28 mars 1882 : sécularisation de l’éducation et obligation de l’enseignement primaire

Question 38

Who is 'La Marianne'?

Answer 38

La Marianne est une figure symbolique de la République française

Question 39

Give 3 symbolic measures of the 3rd republic

Answer 39

The National Anthem Bastille Day - 14 juillet (reprend la fête de la Fédértion de 1790) en 1880 Amnistie pour les condamnés de la Commune (1879)

Question 40

What does 'La Marianne' represent?

Answer 40

la République française et ses valeurs contenues dans la devise : « Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité »

Question 41

When and who painted La liberté guidant le peuple, 1830’ ?

Answer 41

Eugène Delacroix - 28 juillet 1830

Question 42

Where are the 2 statues of La Marianne in Paris?

Answer 42

Place de la République (11ème arrondissement) – 1883 Place de la Nation (à la frontière entre le 11ème et le 12ème arrondissement) – 1899

Question 43

What does the statue of La Marianne in Place de la Nation represent?

Answer 43

La statue représente le travail, la force publique, l’équité et la liberté

Question 44

What was the Dreyfus affair?

Answer 44

Jewish army captain Alfred Dreyfus was falsely accused of sending secret messages to the German military

Question 45

When was Alfred Dreyfus born?

Answer 45

9 October 1859

Question 46

What date did Dreyfus' 'mock trial' take place on ?

Answer 46

5 January 1895

Question 47

How many soldiers and spectators watches Dreyfus' trial?

Answer 47

4000 soldiers and 20,000 spectators

Question 48

Who discovered the real culprit of what Dreyfus had been accused of doing?

Answer 48

Lieutenant Colonel Georges Picard

Question 49

Who was the real culprit of sending messages to the Germans in the Dreyfus affair?

Answer 49

French commander Esterhazy

Question 50

What did the French army do when they found out Dreyfus was innocent and why?

Answer 50

They categorically refused to acknowledge it because of anti-semitism

Question 51

Name 4 Dreyfusards

Answer 51

Zola Anatole France Georges Clemenceau Léon Blum

Question 52

When did Émile Zola publish 'j'accuse'?

Answer 52

13 Janvier 1898

Question 53

How many people read Zola's 'j'accuse' in the first 24 hours 3

Answer 53

300,000

Question 54

What year was Dreyfus deported and to where?

Answer 54

In 1895, he was deported to Devil's Island in Guyana

Question 55

When was 'La ligue des droits de l'homme' created?

Answer 55

February 1898

Question 56

When was Dreyfus' second trial and where?

Answer 56

1899 in Rennes

Question 57

When did Émile Zola mysteriously die?

Answer 57

29 september 1902

Question 58

What year did a vital piece of evidence in the Dreyfus case get found?

Answer 58

In August 1898, a document that supposedly turned out to prove Dreyfus' guilt was found to be forged

Question 59

What year was Dreyfus' innocence definitively recognised?

Answer 59

1906

Question 60

When was Dreyfus reinstated in the army and what position was he made?

Answer 60

in 1906 he was made a 'chevalier de la légion d’honneur'

Question 61

What were the driving factors of anti-dreyfusards?

Answer 61

Anti-semitism and nationalism

Question 62

Who wrote 'les preuves : Affaire Dreyfus' and when was it published?

Answer 62

Jean Jaurès in 1898

Question 63

What type of students were Dreyfusards and how many were there estimated to be?

Answer 63

40,000 new science, literature and languages students