Lectures 18-19: Small Intestine, Colon, and Rectum Flashcards
Where are a) nutrients and water extracted from the chyme for use in the body and b) excess waste is excreted?
Small intestine
Another name for small intestine
small bowel
Where are most of the absorption of water and nutrients absorbed?
small intestine
What are the divisions of the small intestine?
in this order, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
Where does the SI start and end?
pylorus and ends at the ileocecal valve
What does duodenum mean?
“12”
where does the duodenum run from?
pylorus to the ligament of Treitz
what type of organ is the duodenum?
retroperitoneal organ
what does jejunum mean?
“empty”
Where does the jejunum run from?
Ligament of Treitz to the mid-small bowel
What does the jejunum have, structural-wise?
Muscular folds called plicae circulares
What type of organ is the jejunum?
Intraperitoneal organ
What does ileum mean?
“twisted”
The ileum runs from the…
mid-small bowel to the ileocecal valve at the colon
What type of organ is the ileum?
intraperitoneal organ
what is prominent in the ileum
The plicae circulares in the upper to mid-ileum
why is plicae circulares prominent in the ileum
plicae circulares increases surface area and corkscrews the motion of the chyme
what supplies the duodenum with blood?
gastroduodenal artery and branches of the superior mesenteric artery
what supplies the jejunum with blood?
jejunal branches of the superior mesenteric artery
what supplies the ileum with blood?
ileal, right colic, ileocolic, and appendiceal branches of the superior mesenteric artery
what does villus mean?
“tuft of hair”
what do the villus do?
they are used for absorption
what do villus have on their surface?
microvilli that form the brush border
where are intestinal glands located?
the crypts of Lieberkuhn
