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Leg Muscles Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Pectineous

A

Superior Ramos of pubis

Pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

Femoral n

Adducts and flexes hip joint
Assists with medial rotation of hip joint

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2
Q

Sartorius

A

Anterior superior iliac spine
Superior part of notch inferior to it

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

Femoral n

Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates hip joint
Flexes the knee

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3
Q

Psoas mj

A

Sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs in between them.
Transverse processes of all lumbar

Lesser trochanter of femur

Anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1-L2-L3

Acting conjointly in flexing the hip joint and in stabilizing this joint
Also a postoral muscle that helps control the deviation of the trunk and is active during standing

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4
Q

Iliacus

A

Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligaments

Tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter, and femur distal to it

Femoral n

Acts with psoas mj in flexing the hip

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5
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine AIIS

via a common tendinous (quad tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella, indirectly via patellar ligament of tibial tuberosity, Vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral and medial patellar rectinacula)

Femoral n (L2-L4)

Extends knee joint, rectus femoris also stabilizes hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex the hip

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6
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera

via a common tendinous (quad tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella, indirectly via patellar ligament of tibial tuberosity, Vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral and medial patellar rectinacula)

Femoral n L2,L3,L4

Extends knee joint, rectus femoris stabilizes hip and helps iliopsoas flex hip joint

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7
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

via a common tendinous (quad tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella, indirectly via patellar ligament of tibial tuberosity, Vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral and medial patellar rectinacula)

Femoral n L2,L3,L4

Extends knee joint, rectus femoris stabilizes hip and helps iliopsoas flex hip joint

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8
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

via a common tendinous (quad tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella, indirectly via patellar ligament of tibial tuberosity, Vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral and medial patellar rectinacula)

Femoral n L2,L3,L4

Extends knee joint, rectus femoris stabilizes hip and helps iliopsoas flex hip joint

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9
Q

Adductor longus

A

Body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur

Obturator n L2, L3, L4

Adducts hip joint

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10
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera

Obturator n L2, L3, L4

Adducts hip and extends it to some extent

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11
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
Hamstring part: ischial tuberosity

Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondular line
Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur

Adductor part: Obturator n L2, L3, L4
Hamstring: tibial part of sciatic n

Adducts hip joint, adductor part also flexes hip joint, hanstring part extends it

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12
Q

Gracilis

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

Obturator n (L2-L3)

Adducts hip, flexes knee and helps rotate it medially

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13
Q

Obturator externus

A

Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

Trochanteric fossa of femur

Obturator n (L3, L4)

Laterally rotates hip joint
Pulls head of femur into acetabulum holding pelvis steady

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14
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

Most fibers end in ITB which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia, some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur

Inferior gluteal n

Extends hip joint between flexed and standing positions, assists in lateral rotation, steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position

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15
Q

Gluteus medius

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Lateral surface if greater trochanter

Superior gluteal n (L4,L5,S1)

Abduct and anterior portions medially rotate hip
Keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated

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16
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Superior gluteal n L4,L5,S1

Abduct and anterior portions medially rotate the hip.
Keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated

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17
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A

Anterior superior iliac spine ASIS

ITB, which attaches to gerdy tubercle on lateral condyle of tibia

Superior gluteal n

Flexes hip joint, acts w gluteus maximus to stabilize the extended knee joint

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18
Q

Piriformis

A

Passes thru greater sciatic foramen

Anterior surface of 2nd-4th sacral segments, superior margin of greater sciatic notch, sacrotuberous ligament

Superior border of greater trochanter

Branches of anterior rami of S1,S2

Laterally rotate extended hip joint, abduct flexed hip, steady femoral head in acetabulum

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19
Q

Obturator internus

A

Passes thru lesser sciatic foramen
Pelvic surface of ilium and ischium, obturator membranes

Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

Nerve to obturator internus

Laterally rotate extended hip joint, abduct flexed hip joint, steady femoral head in acetabulum

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20
Q

Gemelli superior and inferior

A

Superior: ischial spine
Inferior: ischial tuberosity

Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

Superior: same as obturator internus

Inferior: same as quadratus femoris

Laterally rotate extended hip joint, abduct flexed hip joint, steady femoral head in acetabulum

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21
Q

Quadratus femoris

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A

Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it

Nerve to quadratus femoris

Laterally rotate hip joint, also pulls femoral head into acetabulum to stabilize hip joint/ pelvis

22
Q

Semitendinosus

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A

Ischial tuberosity

Medial surface of superior part of tibia

Tibial n (L5-S2)

Extend hip joint, flex knee joint and rotate leg medially when knee is flexed.
When hip and knee are flexed, can extend trunk

23
Q

Semimembranosus

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A

Ischial tuberosity

Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia, reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament (to lateral femoral condyle)

Tibial n

Extend hip joint, flex knee joint and rotate leg medially when knee is flexed.
When hip and knee are flexed, can extend trunk

24
Q

Biceps femors long and short heads

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A

Long head: ischial tuberosity
Short head: linea asper and lateral supracondular line of femur

Lateral side of head of fivula, tendon is split at this site by fibilar collateral ligament of the knee LCL

Long head: tibial n
Short head: common fibular n

Flexes knee joint and rotates it laterally when knee is flexed
Extends hip joint(when standing to walk)

25
Tibialis anterior
Lateral condule and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuniform and base of 1st metatarsal Deep fibular n Dorsiflexes ankle, inverts foot, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
26
Extensor hallucis longus
Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux) Deep fibular n Extends great toe Dorsiflexes ankle
27
Extensor digitorum longus
Lateral condyle of tibia and superior 2/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits Deep fibular n Extends lateral 4 digits, dorsiflexes ankle
28
Fibularis tertius
Inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Dorsum base of the 5th metacarpal Deep fibular n Dorsiflexes ankle, aids in eversion of foot
29
Fibularis longus
Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform Superficial fibular n Evert foot Weakly plantar flex ankle Supports transverse arch of foot
30
Fibularis brevis
Middle part of lateral surface of fibula Dorsal surface of tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal Superficial fibular n Evert foot Weakly plantar flex ankle
31
Gastrocnemius
Lateral head: lateral aspect of later condyle of femur Medial head: popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle Posterior surface if calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Tibial n Plantar flexes ankle when knee is extended, raises heel during walking, flexes knee joint
32
Soleus
Posterior aspect of head of fibula, superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line, and medial border of tibia Posterior surface if calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Tibial n Plantar flexes ankle, steadies leg and foot
33
Plantaris
Inferior end of lateral supracondular line of femur and oblique popliteal fossa Posterior surface if calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Tibial n Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexing ankle, function is mainly prioproceptive
34
Popliteus
Lateral surfaces of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus (intra-articular within cavity of knee joint) Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line Tibial n Weakly flexes knee and unlocks it by laterally rotating femur on fixed tibia, may also medially rotate tibia of implanted limb
35
Flexor hallucis longus
Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula and inferior part of interosseous membrane Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux) Tibial n Flexes great toe at all joints Weakly plantar flexes ankle Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
36
Flexor digitorum longus
Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and by a broad tendon to fibula Bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits Tibial n Flexes lateral 4 digits, plantar flexes ankle, supports longitudinal arches of foot
37
Tibialis posterior
Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, posterior surface of fibula Primarily to tuberosity of navicular, also to cuniforms, cuboid, and bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals Tibial Plantar flexes ankle Inverts foot Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
38
Abductor hallucis
Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, And plantar aponeurosis Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit Medial plantar n Abducts and flexes 1st digit
39
Flexor digitorum brevis
Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septum Both sides of middle phalanges of lateral 4 digits Medial plantar n Flexes lateral 4 digits
40
Abductor digiti minimi
Medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity if calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septum Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit Lateral plantar n Abducts and flexes 5th digit
41
Quadratus plantae
Medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus Posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus Lateral plantar n Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits
42
Lumbricals
Tendons if flexor digitorum longus Medial aspect of expansion over lateral 4 digits Medial one: medial plantar n Lateral 3: lateral plantar n Flexes proximal phalanges Extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
43
Flexor hallucis brevis
Plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneform Both sides of base of proximal first digit Medial plantar n Flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit
44
Adductor hallucis
Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4 Transverse head: plantar ligaments of 3rd-5th metatarsophalangeal joints Tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit Deep branch of lateral plantar n Adducts 1st digit, assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot
45
Flexor digiti minimi
Base of 5th metatarsal Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit Superficial branch of lateral plantar n Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit, assisting in flexion
46
Plantar interossei | 3 muscles
Bases of medial sides of metatarsals 3-5 Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd-5th digits Lateral plantar n Adduct digits 3-5, flex metatarsophalangeal joints
47
Dorsal interossei | 4 muscles
Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5 First: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit Second-fourth: lateral sides of 2nd-4th digits Lateral plantar n Abducts digits 2-4 and flexes metatarsophalangeal joints
48
Coccygeus
Ischial spine Anterior/inferior sacrum Anterior rami of sacral plexus S4-S5 Supports pelvic viscera, coccygeal flexion
49
Triceps coxae
Gemellus superior Gemellus inferior Obturator internus
50
Extensor hallucis brevis
Calcaneus, inferior extensor retinaculum Base of proximal phalanx of great toe Deep fibular nerve Dually innervated?
51
Extensor digitorum brevis
Calcaneus, inferior extensor retinaculum Tendons of extensor digitorum longus of digits 2-4 Deep fibular nerve

Leg (2 decks)

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