Leg (Posterior)

Question 1

Name muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

Answer 1

superficial
1. Gastrocnemius
2. Plantaris
3. Soleus
Deep
4. Popliteus
5. Flexor digitorum longus
6. Flexor hallucis longus
7. Tibialis posterior

Question 2

Difference of muscles of posterior and muscles of anterior compartment of leg?

Answer 2

anterior

1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor digitorum longus
3. Extensor hallucis longus
4. Peroneus/fibularis tertius

Posterior

Deep
1. Flexor digitorum longus
2. Flexor hallucis longus
3. Tibialis posterior
4. Popliteus

Question 3

Common action of muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

Answer 3

1. Plantar flexion
2. Flexion of digits
3. Inversion

Question 4

Name 2 muscles of posterior compartment of leg that can also flex the knee joint?

Answer 4

1. Gastrocnemius
2. Plantaris

Question 5

Muscles of anterior and posterior compartment of leg ________ the foot and muscles of lateral compartment of leg ______ the foot?

Answer 5

1. Invert
2. Evert

Question 6

Sciatic nerve splits at the popliteal fossa into:

Answer 6

1. Tibial nerve - muscles of posterior compartment of leg
2. Common peroneal (fibular) nerve - muscles of anterior (deep branch) and lateral (superficial branch) compartment of leg

Question 7

muscles of posterior compartment of leg are innervated by?

Answer 7

Tibial branch of sciatic nerve

Question 8

How many heads of gastrocnemius?

Answer 8

Two heads:
Medial head
Lateral head

Question 9

Origin and insertion of gastrocnemius?

Answer 9

origin
Medial and lateral condyles of femur

Insertion
Into calcaneum via Achilles tendon

Question 10

The most superficial muscle of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

Answer 10

Gastrocnemius

Question 11

Origin and insertion of plantaris?

Answer 11

origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

Insertion
Calcaneum

Question 12

Plantaris has a very long tendon and lies on _____ head of gastrocnemius?

Answer 12

Medial

Question 13

The muscle which lies underneath plantaris and gastrocnemius?

Answer 13

Soleus

Question 14

muscles of posterior compartment of leg which originate from femur?

Answer 14

1. Gastrocnemius
   Medial and lateral condyles of femur
2. Plantaris
   Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

Question 15

Origin and insertion of soleus?

Answer 15

origin
Shaft of the tibia and fibula

Insertion
Into calcaneum via Achilles tendon

Question 16

Which muscle provides the main propulsive force in walking and running?

Answer 16

Soleus

Question 17

The superficial group of muscles of posterior compartment of leg have a common insertion on?

Answer 17

Calcaneum

Question 18

Most superior of the deep muscles of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

Answer 18

Popliteus

Question 19

Origin and insertion of popliteus?

Answer 19

origin
Lateral condyle of femur

Insertion
Shaft of tibia

Question 20

Action of popliteus?

Answer 20

-Flexes the leg at knee joint
- unlocks the knee joint by laterally rotating the femur on tibia

Question 21

Position of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg?

Answer 21

1. Popliteus - superior
2. Flexor digitorum longus - medial
3. Flexor hallucis longus - lateral
4. Tibialis posterior - in between

Question 22

Origin and insertion of flexor hallucis longus?

Answer 22

origin
Shaft of fibula

Insertion
Base of distal phalanx of big toe

Question 23

Flexor hallucis longus passes through which groove? And passes under what part of calcaneum?

Answer 23

-Groove on talus
-under shelf-like sustentaculum talus

Question 24

Origin and insertion of flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 24

origin
Shaft of tibia

Inserts
Base of the distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

Question 25

Origin and insertion of tibialis posterior?

Answer 25

**origin** Shafts of tibia and fibula and Interosseous membrane **Insertion** Tuberosity of **navicular** and other neighbouring bones

Question 26

How many bursae associated with calcaneal tendon to reduce friction?

Answer 26

2: 1. **Subcutaneous calcaneal bursa** Between *skin* and calcaneal *tendon* 2. **Deep bursa of calcaneal tendon** Between the *tendon* and *calcaneus*

Question 27

The calf shape of leg is because of which muscle?

Answer 27

Gastrocnemius

Question 28

Which muscles of posterior compartment of leg is absent in 10% of population?

Answer 28

Plantaris

Question 29

The only deep muscle of the muscles of posterior compartment of leg that acts only on knee joint?

Answer 29

**Popliteus** The other 3 act on ankle and foot

Question 30

Which muscle forms base of popliteal fossa?

Answer 30

Popliteus

Question 31

Flexor digitorum longus lies _____ and flexor hallucis longus lies ______?

Answer 31

1. Medially 2. Laterally

Question 32

In which direction does the femur move (relative to tibia) to unlock the knee?

Answer 32

Lateral rotation