Legal Personnel and Judiciary

Question 1

what are the 3 types of lawyers?

Answer 1

barristers, solicitors and legal executives

Question 2

what do barristers speicalise in?

Answer 2

courtroom advocacy, representing in higher courts and expert legal opinions

Question 3

what body are barristers regulated by?

Answer 3

The bar standards board in the uK

Question 4

what does the bar standards board do?

Answer 4

sets ethical standards, oversees training and enforces disciplinary actions.

Question 5

what is the role of a solicitor?

Answer 5

provides general legal advice, prepares legal documents and client representation outside of courts ( refer complex cases to barristers) .

Question 6

What body are solicitors regulated by?

Answer 6

Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA)

Question 7

What does the SRA do?

Answer 7

ensures that solicitors meet professional standards, adhere to ethical codes and maintain competence through ongoing training and compliance methods

Question 8

What is the role of a legal executive?

Answer 8

Someone who specializes in a specific area of law, performing similar work to solicitors but with a focus on particular legal tasks and with a different route of qualification

Question 9

Under what body are legal executives regulated by?

Answer 9

The Chartered Institute of Legal Executives in the UK.

Question 10

What does the Chartered Institute of Legal Executives do?

Answer 10

oversees executive training, professional conduct and adherence to ethical standards.

Question 11

what is the judiciary reposnbel for?

Answer 11

interpreting and applying the law, resolvibg disputes and ensuring justice is administered fairly and impartically court.

Question 12

what are superior judges?

Answer 12

the most qualified judges with the most experience

Question 13

in which courts do superior judges sit?

Answer 13

in the high court, court of appeal and supreme court, handling more complex and significant legal cases

Question 14

what do superior judges consist of?

Answer 14

Judges of the supreme court, lord justices of appeal and high court judges

Question 15

what role do justices in the supreme court have the role of?

Answer 15

Interpreting the constitution, reviewing lower court decisions and making final rulings on significant legal issues; ensuring uniformity and fairness.

Question 16

where do lord justices of appeal sit?

Answer 16

in the court of appeal

Question 17

what role do lord justices sitting in the court of appeal have?

Answer 17

hearing and determining appeals from lower courts, reviewing legal decisions to ensure they are just

Question 18

where do high court judges sit?

Answer 18

in the high

Question 19

what role do high court judges have?

Answer 19

hearing significant and complex cases at first instance, including civil, family and some criminal matters, and oversee judicial reviews and appeals from lower courts

Question 20

what are inferior judges?

Answer 20

judicial officers in the county courts and crown courts

Question 21

what do inferior judges handle?

Answer 21

they handle routine and less complex cases, including preliminary hearings and minor legal matters WITHOUT the authority to review higher court decisions

Question 22

what ‘judges’ are inferior?

Answer 22

1) circuit judges
2) recorders
3) district judges
4) tribunal judges

Question 23

over what cases do circuit judges preisde?

Answer 23

over cases in the crown court and civil cases in the high court, handling a broad range of criminal, civil and family matters

Question 24

what are recorders?

Answer 24

recorders are part-time judges who sit in the crown court, handling cirmnal cases and assistinbg with civil matters, often contributing their expertise on a TEMPORRARY or SESSIONAL basis.

Question 25

what do district judges do?

Answer 25

district judges hear cases in the county courts, managing civil disputes, small claims and some family matters, ensuring fair and efficient resolution at a local level

Question 26

what role do tribunal judges have?

Answer 26

resolving disputes and making decisions on specialized matters, such as employment, immigration and social security issues within specialized tribunal systems

Question 27

what is the principle of 'separation of powers'?

Answer 27

a principal that divides government responsibilities into district branches to prevent any one branch from gaining too much power.

Question 28

what is the executive branch?

Answer 28

the govenment branch

Question 29

what does the executive branch consist of?

Answer 29

1) the prime minister 2) government ministers; who make policies and draft the law

Question 30

what is the legislature branch?

Answer 30

1) the house of commons 2) the house of lords they make the law

Question 31

what is the judiciary branch?

Answer 31

judges who enforce and interpret the law. but they can also make some laws

Question 32

what is used to make sure branches are independent of the judiciary?

Answer 32

1) security of tenure 2) immunity from suit 3)separation of powers 4) no personal interest

Question 33

what is the security of tenure?

Answer 33

the guarantee that judges cannot be removed from office without just cause, which ensures judicial independence by allowing them to rule impartially without fear of punishment or influence from external pressures

Question 34

what is immunity from suit?

Answer 34

a method which protects the judges from being sued for actions during their role as a judge. this ensures independence by allowing them to make decisions based on the law without fear of personal legal repercussions.

Question 35

what does the 'independence from the other two arms of the state' mean for the judiciary branch?

Answer 35

it means that the judiciary operates free from interference or influence, ensuring judicial independence by allowing courts to make unbiased decisions based solely on the law and justice.

Question 36

what does 'no personal interest in the case' mean for judges?

Answer 36

that judge must have no personal interest or bias in the outcome of a case, ensuring judicial independence by allowing them to make impartial decisions based solely on the facts and law

Question 37

what is an advantage of the judiciary?

Answer 37

No pressure. It is independent of the state and politicians and is not under pressure to impress the voters.

Question 38

how are judges more quicker and effective than lay people?

Answer 38

As they do not need to come to an agreement with other people

Question 39

what is one disadvantage of the judiciary?

Answer 39

They lack transparency in appointment and disciplinary issues. as well as this, there are issues with inconsistency- seen in the sentencing in lower courts.

Question 41

what are the advantages of judicial independence?

Answer 41

Judges can make impartial decisions - which means they can better uphold the rule of law and better protect the rights of individuals.

Question 42

how does the judiciary maintain a balance in government?

Answer 42

They act as a check on the power of the other branches?

Question 43

How does the judicsry gain the trust of the public?

Answer 43

Its independence provides long-term stability for the legal

Question 44

what is a disadvantage of judicial independence?

Answer 44

judges are not accounatble to the public

Question 45

what is a disadvantage in judges not being accountable?

Answer 45

because they might interpret laws based on their personal or political beliefs- protected by immunity from suit (being sued for opinions in court).

Question 46

how are judges at risk of corruption?

Answer 46

because they are isolated from the publics opinion (only slightly negated by the jury vote)