Lesson 1

Question 1

Pharmacology

Answer 1

Study of drugs in prevention, treatment, and diagnosis

Question 2

What is PPD

Answer 2

Purified protein derivatives

Question 3

Pharmacodynamic

Answer 3

Psychological effects of drugs and mechanism of action

Question 4

What is GAMUT?

Answer 4

G- Ginhawa (Symptoms)
A- Alisin ang sanhi (Curative)
M- Maibalik sa dati (Restoration)
U- Umiwas (Prevention)
T- Tukuyin ang sanhi (Diagnosis)

Question 5

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 5

ADME
Time required for drug concentration to develop or change

Question 6

Pharmacotherapeutic

Answer 6

How drugs best use for treatment

Question 7

Pharmacognosy

Answer 7

Study lf drugs derived from herbal and other natural sources

Question 8

Bioavailability

Answer 8

Ability of drug to be absorb and use by the body
Rate and extent of systemic absorption

Question 9

Bioequivalence

Answer 9

Similarity of drug that share the same ingridients and desired outcome

Question 10

Empirical doses

Answer 10

Medication without knowing the cause

Question 11

What is BBB

Answer 11

Blood brain barrier

Question 12

What are the determination of absorption?

Answer 12

Disintegration - breakdown of tablet into small particles
Dissolution - Will dissolve in small particles in GI fluid
Diffusion

Question 13

Liquid form

Answer 13

No need to undergo determination of absorption

Question 14

80% of drugs is taken through what?

Answer 14

By mouth or orally

Question 15

Rate limiting

Answer 15

Delay that restricts the speed of the whole process

Question 16

Is drugs or medication that is in solid form a 100% medicine?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

What is fillerd and additives?

Answer 17

Filler - Prepare tye medication, changes size and shape.
Additives - for better absorption (Na and K Salts)

Question 18

Decreased in gastric pH will results to?

Answer 18

Increased in gastric acid and poor absorption

Question 19

What form of medicine has fast absorption?

Answer 19

Liquid form

Question 20

pH 1-2

Answer 20

Acidic
Higher acidity
Higher absorption

Question 21

pH 7.4

Answer 21

Normal blood pH

Question 22

Sensitive in acidic environment

Answer 22

Red Blood Cells (RBC)

Question 23

What is lysis

Answer 23

destruction of RBC when exposed to acidic environment

Question 24

What is enterecoted medicine

Answer 24

Medication that has special coating protecting the medicine to be dissolve in gastric environment or acidic environment.
There is a delay.
Should be absorb in small intestine
DO NOT CRUSHED

Question 25

Passive absorption

Answer 25

Movement of minerals to cell/tissue without the use of energy

Question 26

Active absorption

Answer 26

Requires a carrier ( proteins ) to move the drugs and requires energy. Higher to lower concentration.

Question 27

O2 + Glucose

Answer 27

ATP

Question 28

What will happen without ATP?

Answer 28

Pyrobate is produce. Convert to lactate Convert to lactic acid Destroy absorption kf drugs Bioavailability is destroy.

Question 29

What is Pinocytosis?

Answer 29

Cell drinking

Question 30

Pharmacokinetics phase of Membrane is compose of?

Answer 30

Fat and protein and is embedded in lipid bilayer

Question 31

What are the 2 layer of phospolipid molecules

Answer 31

Inner - hydrophobic fatt acid tails Outer - Hydrophilic polar heads

Question 32

What is lipid soluble drugs

Answer 32

Pass rapidly to membrane called lipophilic drugs

Question 33

What is water soluble drugs

Answer 33

It requires energy (enzyme and proteins)

Question 34

What is hepatic first pass and explain

Answer 34

Process where drugs pass through first and concentration of drugs is reduce before going to systemic circulation. Stomach - Intestinal Lument - Portal vein - Liver 1. Liver dysfunctional 2. Less hepatic blood flow 3. Less drug metabolism 4. Less convertion of drug to inactive form 5. Increase of bioavailability 6. Increase of drug concentration 7. Increase of drug accumulation 8. Increase of drug toxicity 9. Death

Question 35

What will happen in rapid absorption?

Answer 35

Increase dug concentration and increase drug toxicity.

Question 36

What will happen in slow absorption?

Answer 36

Limited bioavailability Decreased serum concentration Need high dose.