Lesson 1 Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
Who attributed the quote “The unexamined life is not worth living”?
A
Socrates
2
Q
And beyond the thinking process is the act of ______.
A
wondering
3
Q
It is about asking questions over given questions.
A
wondering
4
Q
______________ is the only beginning of Philosophy.
A
Wonder
5
Q
Who attributed the quote “ Wonder is the only beginning of Philosophy?
A
Socrates
6
Q
“It is owing to their wonder that men both now begin and at first begun to philosophize.”
A
Aristotle
7
Q
Philosophy begins in _____________.
A
Wonder
8
Q
___________ also mean or called “philosophic wonder”
A
Wonder
9
Q
The feeling of being perplexed
A
Wonder
10
Q
Who wrote “For men were first led to study philosophy, as indeed they are today, by wonder. Now, he who is perplexed and wonders believes himself to be ignorant…they took to philosophy to escape ignorance.”
A
Aristotle
11
Q
It seeks clarity
A
philosophic wonder
12
Q
Seeks answers to or at least make sense of the mysterious world
A
philosophic wonder
13
Q
Thus, when one begins to make sense of he questions regarding, for example, the origin of the world, or the meaning and purpose of life one begins to __________.
A
Philosophize
14
Q
Where does western philosophy originated?
A
Miletus/Greece/Miletus, Greece
15
Q
First philosopher
A
Thales
16
Q
First to put his philosophy into writing
A
Thales
17
Q
The father of western philosophy
A
Socrates
18
Q
First three earliest philosophers
A
Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes
19
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: Early thinkers philosophize without an aid of instruments
A
True
20
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: Early thinkers didn’t base their theories from mythological biases
A
True
21
Q
A philosophical doctrine espousing that all or some material things possess life or that all life is inseparable from matter
A
Hylozoism
22
Q
-defines as being all about the never-ending guest for what is truth.
A
Western Philosophy
23
Q
-is a key to start philosophizing
A
Self-reflection
24
Q
Philos means ______
A
Love
25
Sophia means _____
Wisdom
26
Philosophy in Greek term:
Philosophia
27
Philosophy in Old French term:
Philosophie
28
Philosophy in Middle English term:
Philosophy
29
-is a love of wisdom
Philosophy
30
_____ is the study that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons, and principles which govern all things.
Philosophy
31
________ is a lover of wisdom.
Philosopher
32
He or she puts meaning to what is out there, open to changes and discover
Philosopher
33
He or she does not stop knowing, wondering, and asking questions
Philosopher
34
Hunger for truth, meaning, and sense
Philosopher
35
Someone who goes beyond the surface of things, experiences, transcendence and possesses a beautiful mind
Philosopher
36
"The unexamined life is not worth living"
Socrates
37
" I think therefore I am" ("Cognito, ergo sum")
Rene Descartes
38
"You can discover more about a person in an hour of play than in a year of conversation"
Plato
39
"All is for the best in the best of all possible worlds"
Voltaire
40
"The brave man is he who overcomes not only his enemies but his pleasure"
Democritus
41
"Good and evil, reward and funishment, are the only motives to a rational creature"
John Locke
42
"Man is the measure of all things"
Protagoras
43
"We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit"
Aristotle
44
"The oldest, shortest words-"yes" and "no"-are those which require the most thought."
Pythagoras
45
First man to call himself a "Philosopher"
Pythagoras
46
The world indebted to him the word "Philosopher"
Pythagoras
47
Wise men called him "sage"
Pythagoras
48
SAGE means...
"those who know"
49
Pythagoras define "Philosopher" as
"one who attempts to find out"
50
A science where reason and logic are used to understand reality and to answer questions basically about knowledge, morality, and human nature.
Philosophy
51
It can be described as either a body of knowledge or intellectual activity
Philosophy
52
Philosophy as a/an __________ provided methodologies and insights on how societal questions, such as dilemmas of euthanasia and same sex marriage, and the likes can be answered.
body of knowledge
53
Philosophy as a/an ________________ is an analytic procedure of addressing individual thought processes such as resolving conflicts and confusions, testing positions, and analyzing beliefs.
intellectual activity
54
_______ is prescribed by logic, reason, and ethics leading to wisdom.
Philosophy
55
The body of knowledge and principles that develops within a specified society or period.
Wisdom
56
- considered as the "mother of all sciences"
- is a way of life
- it is a science
- is a persistent quest f knowledge and truth
Philosophy
57
-Philosophy involves the widest generalizations.
-Philosophy is all about fundamentals
- Philosophy is driven by the desire to integrate things in to a one coherent whole
Philosophical Activity
58
A ______ is the root cause that explains almost everything in a given context.
Fundamental
59
Branch of philosophy that provide description & knowing
Cognitive branches
60
Branch of philosophy that is concerned with the standard of the good
Normative Branches
61
Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Logic are under of what branch of philosophy?
Cognitive branches
62
Ethics, Politics, and Aesthetics are under of what branch of philosophy?
Normative Branches
63
Branch of philosophy that answer the question "How do I know it?"
Cognitive
64
This is the study of the nature and means of human knowledge
Epistemology
65
Science and art of correct thinking and reasoning
Logic
66
Examines the fundamental nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, between substance and attribute, and between potentiality and actuality.
Metaphysics
67
Branch of philosphy that answer the question "What should I do?"
Normative
68
Deals with human actions whether good or bad, right or wrong, acceptable or unacceptable, justifiable or unjustifiable
Ethics or Morality
69
Deals with the nature of art/objective judgement of beauty
Aesthetics
70
Deals with the principles a social system
Politics
71
area in philosophy that understands the human person from a philophical perspective
Philosophy of the Human Person
72
-is a branch of philosophy that deals with fundamental questions about the nature of reality, existence, being, and the world.
Metaphysics
73
-is a subfield of metaphysics that deals with the nature of being and existence.
Ontology
74
______ in metaphysics deals with questions about the origin and structure of the universe.
Cosmology
75
It deals with questions of identity, such as the nature of personal identity over time.
Identity
76
It explores the concept of free will, asking questions about the nature of agency and choice.
Free Will
77
This is a classic problem in metaphysics that deals with the relationship between the mind and the body.
Mind-body problem
78
This examines the concept of causality, exploring questions about the nature of cause and effect and the relationship between events in the world.
Causality
79
Study of the nature and means of human knowledge.
Epistemology
80
the study of knowledge acquisition.
Epistemology
81
The theory of knowledge.
Epistemology
82
the study of the laws of thought, correct reasoning, valid inference, or logical truth.
Logic
83
The basic concept of truth.
Logic
84
-Once a person stops questioning, he cease to become a philosopher.
Philosophical Questions
85
This is also known as method of elenchus, elenctic method, or socratic debate
SOCRATIC METHODS
86
A form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw our ideas and underlying presuppositions.
Socratic Debate
87
-Invented by pre-Socratic philosopher, Zeno of Elea, -Aristotle
Dialectic Methods
88
It is a discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to establish the truth through reasoned arguments.
Dialectic Methods
89
A term used to describe a method of philosophical argument that involves some sort of contradictory process between opposing sides.
Dialectics
90
is the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgement.
Reasoning
91
-is a logical approach where you progress from general ideas to specific conclusions
Deductive reasoning
92
-begins with a particular to universal argument
Inductive Reasoning
93
This is an important skill in doing philosophy
Philosophical Reflection
94
-is an act of giving time to think about the meaning of life
Philosophical Reflection
95
Process by which a person undergoes a reflective state or evaluates his or her experiences before making any related actions
Philosophical Reflections
96
Type of philosophical reflection that calculates, analyzes, and recounts passed events, it is fragmented and compartmentalized thinking.
Primary Reflection
97
It is kind of thinking where process of thinking is confused where a complete action is no longer possible
fragmented thinking
98
-is a form of psychological defense mechanism in which thoughts and feelings that seem to conflict are kept separated or isolated from each other in the mind
compartmentalized thinking
99
-selfish thinking because it is instrumental thinking
Primary reflection
100
Type of philosophical reflection that is characterized by the active recapturing the unity of the original experience by gathering back together what has been separated by the primary reflection, thus secondary reflection allows us to think holistically.
Secondary reflection
101
Genuine or unselfish thinking
Secondary reflection
