Lesson 1 Flashcards
(32 cards)
- electronic device that takes data, process the data
according to a series of instruction - Can perform math and logical operations
- manipulates data
COMPUTER
series of instruction that a computer must follow in order to
process data into information.
Program
Capabilities of Computers
- perform mathematical and logical operation.
- store or remember a great amount of info and retrieve or recall It instantly.
- can handle large volume of repetitive tasks
accurately - can communicate with its operators and other machines.
- control error and check itself
Limitations of Computers
- functions only when humans inputs the instruction
- can detect but can’t correct inaccurate info
- subject to occasional breakdown
Characteristics of Computers
- MACHINE
- ELECTRONIC
- AUTOMATIC
- LOGIC FUNCTIONS
- MEMORY
- MANIPULATE DATA
USes of Computers
- business
- home
- entertainment
- scientific research
- military
Benefits of Computers
- Storing or memorizing large amount of information.
- Quickly recalling a single piece of information.
- Rapidly performing a series of sequential tasks.
- Carrying out a specific action based on sensor
Types of Computers
- Mainframes
- Personal Computers
* Desktop & laptop Computers - Tablet PCs
- Media Centre
- Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
History of Computers ( in sequence)
- ABACUS
- NAPIER’S BONES
- OUGHTRED’S SLIDE RULE
- PASCAL’S CALCULATOR
- LEIBNIZ CALCULATOR
- BABBAGE ANALYTICAL ENGINE
- Hollerith’s Punched Card Machine
- George Boole
“Boolean Algebra” - Alan Turing
“General Purpose Programmable Computer” - John Atanasoff
“first electronic digital purpose computer” - Grace Hopper
Introduced the concept of debugging - Stanislaw Ulam
“computer simulation” - Ted Hoff
microprocessor chip - Paul Allen and William Howard (Bill Gates) co-founders of the Microsoft Corporation
- Tim Berners-Lee
invented the World Wide Web (www)
the 1st manual data processing device
* developed in China in 12th century A.D.
* performs arithmetic calculations
ABACUS
developed by a Scottish mathematician John Napier
* obtain products & quotients of large numbers
NAPIER’S BONES
invented by William Oughtred in 17th century
* arithmetic operations by simply sliding the rulers
OUGHTRED’S SLIDE RULE
by Gottfried Leibniz in 1694
* has same techniques for addition & subtraction as
Pascal’s device but could also perform multiplication, division
& square root
LEIBNIZ CALCULATOR
use 2 types of cards: operation cards & variable cards
* developed by Charles Babbage, the Father of Modern Computer.
BABBAGE ANALYTICAL ENGINE
first programmer
- Augusta Ada Byron,
Herman Hollerith in 1880
considered as the 1st commercially successful data
processing machine.
Hollerith’s Punched Card Machine
“Boolean Algebra”
1800’s
George Boole
“General Purpose Programmable Computer”
Alan Turing 1930’s
by Blaise Pascal in 1645
* could add & subtract numbers up to 8 digits
PASCAL’S CALCULATOR
“first electronic digital purpose computer”
or “Atanasoff Berry Computer”.
John Atanasoff
introduced the concept of debugging
1940’s
Grace Hopper
ENIAC
EDVAC
EDSAC
ENIAC – Electronics Numerical Integrator and Computer
EDVAC – Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
EDSAC – Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer
“computer simulation”
Stanislaw Ulam
microprocessor chip
1960’s
Ted Hoff
