Lesson 1 Flashcards
(67 cards)
1
Q
refers to the quality of the soil to provide optimum level of nutrients for plant growth.
A
Soil Fertility
2
Q
- [x] the ability of a soil to support crop production determined by the entire spectrum of its physical, chemical and biological attributes.
A
Soil Productivity
3
Q
- [x] German scientist formulated the “Law of the Minimum,” which states that if one of the essential deficient, plant growth will be poor even essential
A
Justus Von Liebig
4
Q
- [x] Plants require nutrients?also called ’ ? which assist with different plant functions for growth and reproduction.
A
17 nutrients
Essential Elements
5
Q
-Mobile Nutrients
A
-potassium
-phosphorus
-magnesium
6
Q
Immobile Nutrients
A
Nickel
Boron
Zinc
Iron
7
Q
immediate between mobile and immobile
A
Sulfur
8
Q
- What are the major components of organic compounds
A
Carbon,Hydrogen,Oxygen
9
Q
- Constituent of carbohydrates; necessary for photosynthesis
A
Carbon
10
Q
- [x] Maintains osmotic balance important in numerous reactions
A
Hydrogen
11
Q
- [x] Constitute of carbohydrates necessary for respiration
A
Oxygen
12
Q
- [x] Needed by plants in large amount
A
Macro minerals
13
Q
Constituent of proteins, chlorophyll and nucleic acids. The most limiting element in crop
A
Nitrogen
14
Q
Constituent of many proteins, coenzymes, nucleic acids and metabolic substrates cell division, cell enlargement and transfer of genetic information
A
Phosphorus
15
Q
- [x] Involved with photosynthesis, carbohydrate translocation, protein synthesis ( regulating the close and opening of stomata) guard cells Generation of ATP ( Adenosine triphosphate)
A
Potassium
16
Q
component of cell walls Plays a role in the structure and permeability of membrane
A
Calcium
17
Q
- Enzyme activator, Metal Component of chlorophyll molecule Part of middle lamella
A
Magnesium
18
Q
- [x] Important component of ysteine, methionine and thus plant proteins
A
Sulfur
19
Q
- [x] Involved with enzyme systems that regulate various metabolic activities Needed in synthesis of auxin (plant hormone that regulates growth)and usually deficient in
A
Zinc
20
Q
Shortening of inter nodes
A
Ressetting
21
Q
- [x] Important in sugar translocation and carbohydrate metabolism
A
Boron
22
Q
- [x] Controls several oxidation-reduction systems and photosynthesis Needed in chlorophyll synthesis
A
Manganese
23
Q
- [x] Involved with chlorophyll synthesis and in enzymes for electron transfer
A
Iron
24
Q
catalyst for respiration Same with Iron, it is associated with enzyme activation and electron transport
A
Copper
25
Involved with nitrogen fixation and transforming reduction of nitrate to amino acid) nitrate to ammonium. Usually deficient in acid upland soil
Molybdenum
26
- [x] containing enzyme Urea is not a fertiliser, but when it is hydrolysed in soil it produces ammonium and the nitrogen becomes available to plants.
Nickel
27
- [x] Involved with oxygen production in photosynthesis Regulation of osmotic pressure Aids transportation magnesium, calcium, and potassium within plant
Chlorine
28
- [x] involved in the chemical breakdown of water
Chloride
29
mostly closely associated with physiological functions
Fe, Cu
30
- Enzyme activation and ionic
K,Mg,Ca
31
Components of limestone and dolomite’s
Mg,Ca
32
energy storage and transfer
N P S
33
basic structures (cell wall)
C H O
34
Ions are adsored by roots from the soil solution
Soil Solution theory
35
Ions are adsored from surface to soil colloids
Contact Exchange Theory
36
- [Principal mechanism by which a nutrient ion reaches the root soil interface area
Root Interception
Mass Flow
Root interception
37
- When nutrients dissolved in soil water transported to root surface
Mass Flow
38
- Movement of nutrients from higher to lower consentration
Diffusion
39
process wherein there is an intimate contact with soil surface
Contact Exchange
40
- [x] The nutrients absorbed by the root as they ramify through the soil
Root interception
41
- [x] Factors affecting root interception
Dry Soil
Compaction
Low soil ph
Poor aeration
High or low temperature
42
-Any substance applied to a soil
Fertilizer
43
Mass flow driven by
Evaporation
Transpiration
Percolation
44
Fertilizer is classified to
Organic
Inorganic
45
4rs Application
Right Rate
Right timing
Right Placement
Right source
46
early or vegetative stage
Urea
47
- Budding flowering fruiting
Complete fertilizer
48
Fruiting Stage
Muriate Fotash
49
- [x] Fertilizer product animal and plants origin
Organic Fertilizer
50
- Most abundant crop residue
Rice Straw
51
- [x] High in nitrogen content can also be used as green manure
Ipil2
52
- [x] Leaves have more than 4% nitrogen
Kakawate
53
- [x] Mixture of excreta and solid beddings
Farm Manure
54
- [x] Refers to bat excreta
Guano
55
- [x] decomposed plant or animal materials to which decomposing activators may have been added to hasten decomposition
Pure Organic
56
- [x] organic fertilizer material which had been enriched with microbial inoculants, hormones, and/or chemical additive
Fortified Organic Matter
57
fertilizer product whose properties are determined primarily by bits content of mineral matter or synthetic chemical compounds. I
Inorganic Fertilizer
58
Type of inorganic fertilizer
Single Nutrient Fertilizer
Multi Nutrient Fertilizer
Complete Fertilizer
59
may be applied on the row below the seed level or slightly on the side of the seed
Band Placement
60
technique of feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer directly to the leaves; usually employed in plantations such as pineapple or banana.
Foliar Application
61
fertilizer is applied along the bottom of furrow.
In the row
62
- [x] 5.- fertilizer is applied around the base of the plant or tree.
Ring
63
fertilizer is dropped in holes around the tree.
Hole
64
- fertilizer is dropped in small amount on the side of each hill or plant
Spot
65
applied just one day before sowing or planting and mixed or drilled it n the soil
Bassal
66
applications of fertilizer after plants have emerged.
Topdress
67
- application of fertilizer dissolved in irrigation
Feertigation
