Lesson 1-2 (FINALS)

Question 1

Occupational radiation exposure: Dose limit

Answer 1

20 mSv/yr

Question 2

Occupational radiation exposure: General x-ray activity

Answer 2

not exceed 1 mSv/yr

Question 2

It contributes to the highest occupational
exposure of diagnostic x-ray personnel

Answer 2

Fluoroscopy

Question 2

Personnel exposure is related directly to the x-
ray beam-on time

Answer 2

Fluoroscopy

Question 2

Fluoroscopy: X-ray tube over the table: Disadvantage rationale

Answer 2

• Higher levels of scatter
• Leakage radiation

Question 2

Fluoroscopy: X-ray tube over the table advantage and disadvantage

Answer 2

Advantage: in terms of image quality
Disadvantage: higher personnel exposures

Question 2

Fluoroscopy: It is best to position the x-ray tube _____ during mobile & C-arm fluoroscopy.

Answer 2

Under the patient

Question 2

Personnel receive higher exposures

Answer 2

Interventional Radiology

Question 2

Interventional Radiology: Personnel receive higher exposures: Rationale

Answer 2

longer fluoroscopic x-ray beam-on time

Question 2

Personnel exposures are low

Answer 2

Computed Tomography

Question 3

Contribute to higher exposure

Answer 3

Interventional Radiology

Question 3

Interventional Radiology: Contribute to higher exposure, 2

Answer 3

1. Absence of protective curtain
2. Use of cineradiography

Question 3

Personnel exposures are low

Answer 3

Mammography

Question 3

Interventional Radiology dose limit

Answer 3

500 mSv/yr

Question 3

_____ must be provided for interventional radiologists

Answer 3

Extremity monitoring

Question 3

Occupational exposure for nursing personnel & other working in the operating room & intensive care unit is near _____

Answer 3

Surgery: Zero

Question 3

Computed Tomography: Personnel exposures are low: Rationale

Answer 3

1. CT x-ray beam is finely collimated
2. Only secondary radiation is present in the examination

Question 3

It contributes to the highest occupational exposure of diagnostic x-ray personnel

Answer 3

Mobile radiography

Question 3

Mammography: Personnel exposures are low: Rationale

Answer 3

Less scatter radiation due to low kVp operation

Question 3

It is not necessary to provide occupational
radiation monitors for such personnel

Answer 3

Surgery

Question 3

It is specified only for occupational exposure

Answer 3

Dose Limit (DL)

Question 3

Mobile radiography: Wear occupational radiation monitor

Answer 3

1. Radiologic technologist
2. Anyone who is required to immobilize or hold patients
3. Personnel who regularly operate C-arm fluoroscope
4. Personnel who regularly in the immediate vicinity of C-arm fluoroscope

Question 3

The dose of radiation that would be expected to produce no significant radiation effects

Answer 3

Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD)

Question 4

Radiation and Pregnancy: Radiobiologic Considerations: Time dependence: major organogenesis

Answer 4

2nd-10th weeks

Question 4

It has been replaced by _____

Answer 4

Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD): Dose Limits

Question 4

Maximum permissible occupational radiation dose

Answer 4

Dose Limit (DL)

Question 4

Radiation and Pregnancy: Radiobiologic Considerations: Time dependence: 1st 2 weeks biologic response

Answer 4

resorption of the embryo & no pregnancy

Question 4

Current DL

Answer 4

1 mSv/week

Question 4

Radiation and Pregnancy: Radiobiologic Considerations: Time dependence: Least hazardous

Answer 4

1st 2 weeks

Question 4

Radiation and Pregnancy: Radiobiologic Considerations: Time dependence: The major organ system of the fetus is developing

Answer 4

2nd-10th weeks

Question 5

Radiation and Pregnancy: Radiobiologic Considerations: Time dependence: 2nd-10th weeks biologic response

Answer 5

congenital malformation

Question 6

Radiation and Pregnancy: Radiobiologic Considerations: Time dependence: 2nd & 3rd trimester principal response

Answer 6

malignant disease during childhood

Question 7

Radiation and Pregnancy: Dose Dependence: Previously noted effects

Answer 7

200 rad

Question 7

Radiation and Pregnancy: Dose Dependence: Spontaneous abortion

Answer 7

< 25 rad (during 1st 2 weeks)

Question 8

Radiation and Pregnancy: Dose Dependence: Enumerate

Answer 8

1. Previously noted effects 2. Spontaneous abortion 3. Congenital abnormalities

Question 8

Radiation and Pregnancy: Dose Dependence: Congenital abnormalities

Answer 8

Fetal dose: 10 rad

Question 9

One should never knowing examine a pregnant patient with x-rays unless a _____ to do so has been made

Answer 9

Patient Information: Documented decision

Question 10

Example x-ray consent

Answer 10

Patient questionnaire

Question 10

Patient Information: Enumerate administrative protocols

Answer 10

1. Elective booking 2. Patient questionnaires 3. Posting

Question 11

An alternative procedure to have the patient herself indicate her menstrual cycle

Answer 11

Patient questionnaire

Question 11

Radiologic Technologist

Answer 11

100 mrem/yr 1 mSv/yr

Question 12

Radiologist receive _____ than radtech

Answer 12

higher dose (esp. during fluoroscopy)

Question 13

Highest exposure 1. 2. Safest 1. 2.

Answer 13

Highest exposure 1. Mobile radiography 2. Fluoroscopy Safest 1. Ultrasound 2. Computed Tomography