Lesson 1

Question 1

What is esxi used for?

Answer 1

facilitate centralized management for enterprise desktops and data center applications.

Question 2

Setting up storage (esxi), never install local, we install them on an ________, which is what system boots from

Answer 2

sd card

Question 3

How does esxi save data?

Answer 3

Will write whatever is in memory to a file on a portable disk

Question 4

What are the 4 different types of Virtualization?

Answer 4

Server Virtualization,
Network Virtualization,
Storage Virtualization,
Desktop Virtualization

Question 5

What runs on a server?

Answer 5

applications

Question 6

What is it when all infrastructure is virtualized and automated by the software?

Answer 6

Software defined data center

Question 7

What are two key features of a Software defined data center?

Answer 7

Can automate redundant things, and make it more self serve

Put policies in place, takes 15 seconds to change policies

Question 8

What is Vsphere and cloud computing?

Answer 8

Efficient pooling of an on demand, self-managed, and virtual infrastructure.
ex: Hybrid, some resources private, some public, often not common

Question 9

What is Cpu virtualization-?

Answer 9

Operating System assumes ownership of all physical cpus in the system
Emphasizes performance and runs directly on available ram

Question 10

What is Physical architecture for Cpu virtualization?

Answer 10

application in operating system, all share same space

Question 11

What is Virtual architecture for Cpu virtualization?

Answer 11

app and OS in Vsphere (each having different space on system (1g, 4g))
In this environment if you overload memory, the other memory writes to disk so the app can run, never want contention for memory, always want enough space

Question 12

Virtual ________ _________and virtual _________ are key virtual networking components

Answer 12

ethernet adapters, switches

Question 13

VMware Sphere VMFS enables a __________ storage architecture, allowing multiple ESXI’ hosts to read or write to the shared storage concurrently

Answer 13

distributed

Question 14

What controls the storage, and can either block or file IO?

Answer 14

VMware- hypervisor

Question 15

Virtual machine files are stored in directories on a?

Answer 15

VMFS

Virtual Machine File System

Question 16

what does VMFS stand for?

Answer 16

Virtual Machine File System

Question 17

First steps to configuring ESXI-

Answer 17

first can change root password
DCUI enables you to change host name, configure keyboard,
enable SSH,
esxi time out (for security if someone stays logged in)

Question 18

Remote access settings:Security profile

What are the three different security profiles

Answer 18

ESXi Shell
SSH
Direct Console UI

Question 19

What is a Normal lockdown?

Answer 19

normal does not allow remote connection, can secure shell during lockdown

Question 20

What is a strip lockdown?

Answer 20

DCUI service is also stopped, becomes remotely unmanageable

Question 21

Esxi is installable on?

Answer 21

hard disks, SAN LUNs, USB devices, SD cards, STADOM, SSD, and diskless hosts

Question 22

What are challenges of Traditional architecture?

Answer 22

• Poor use of physical resources
• High management and maintenance costs
• High physical infrastructure costs
• Provisioning challenges
• Insufficient failover and poor disaster protection

Question 23

What are benefits of Virtual architecture ?

Answer 23

• Expanded use of physical resources
• Reduced management and maintenance costs
• Improved desktop manageability and security
• Increased availability of applications
• Increased operational flexibility

Question 24

what is it called when Instead of the one-to-one relationship in a physical infrastructure you can have a many-to-one relationship with virtualization.

Answer 24

consolidation

Question 25

What are some Virtual Machine Components?

Answer 25

``` Operating system VMware Tools™ Virtual resources, such as: – CPU and memory –Network adapters -Disks and controllers -Parallel and serial ports ```

Question 26

What are some benefits over using a vm opposed to physical hardware?

Answer 26

``` Easy to move or copy • Encapsulated into files • Independent of physical hardware Easy to manage • Isolated from other virtual machines running on same physical hardware • Insulated from physical hardware changes ```

Question 27

________ __________ is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, and on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources.

Answer 27

cloud computing

Question 28

A virtualized host interacts with installed hardware through a thin layer of software called the virtualization layer or ____________

Answer 28

hypervisor

Question 29

With the VMware virtual networking, you can link local virtual machines together and link local virtual machines to the external network through a __________ ________.

Answer 29

virtual switch

Question 30

A virtual switch, like a physical Ethernet switch, forwards frames at the ____ ______ layer

Answer 30

data link

Question 31

You can use which 3 tool to interact with a vSphere environment?

Answer 31

VMware Host Client™, vSphere Client, and vSphere Web Client

Question 32

What is Kernel module integrity in relation to esxi?

Answer 32

Digital signing ensures the integrity and authenticity of modules, drivers, and applications as they are loaded by the VMkernel

Question 33

What are Lockdown modes ?

Answer 33

disables login and API functions from being executed directly on an ESXi host

Question 34

What is a Trusted Platform Module?

Answer 34

A hardware element that creates a trusted platform. This element affirms that the boot process and all drivers loaded are genuine.

Question 35

What is UEFI secure boot ?

Answer 35

This feature is for systems that support UEFI secure boot firmware which contains a digital certificate that the VMware Infrastructure Bundles (VIBs) chain to. At boot time, a verifier is started before other processes and it will check the VIB’s chain to the certificate in the firmware.

Question 36

Each powered-on virtual machine has its own dedicated ________ that is responsible for presenting virtual hardware to the virtual machine and receiving requests.

Answer 36

VMM Virtual Machine Monitor

Question 37

You use the _________ to configure certain settings for ESXi hosts. (4 words or one acronym)

Answer 37

Direct Console User Interface (DCUI)

Question 38

If _______ lockdown mode is enabled, only the root user is authorized to log in to the DCUI

Answer 38

normal

Question 39

In strict lockdown mode, the ESXi host can be accessed only through ________ ________ .

Answer 39

vCenter Server- only by someone with admin privileges

Question 40

Best Practices for Managing User Accounts on esxi?

Answer 40

Strictly control root privileges to ESXi hosts. • Create strong root account passwords that have at least eight characters. • Manage ESXi hosts centrally through the vCenter server system by using the appropriate vSphere client. • Minimize the use of local users on ESXi hosts: –Add the ESXi hosts to Active Directory and add the relevant administrator users to the ESX Admins domain group. - If local users are created, manage them centrally using the esxcli command in vSphere CLI.

Question 41

vSphere Web Client and vSphere Client:

Answer 41

clients used to connect to the vCenter Server in order to centrally manage your ESXi hosts. When an ESXi host is managed by vCenter Server, administrators should always use vCenter Server and the vSphere clients to manage that host.

Question 42

vCenter Server database:

Answer 42

The vCenter Server database is the most critical component. The database stores the inventory items, security roles, resource pools, performance data, and other critical information for vCenter Server.