Lesson 1 and 2 Flashcards
are the primarily building blocks of life
cell
the smallest cell is _____ a disease, causing bacteria in birds.
mycoplasma gallicepticum
Cells were first recorded by
_______ around 1665.
Robert Hooke 1665
A membrane-bound organelle containing the cell’s genetic material (DNA)
Controls cell activities, including gene expression and reproduction
Nucleus
Small particles composed of RNA and proteins
Synthesize proteins based on instructions from the genetic material (mRNA
ribosome
is crucial for modifying, sorting, and trafficking
proteins synthesized by ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. It is called cisternae
Golgi apparatus
it is mainly formed vesicles and tubules
rough endoplasmic reticulum
it contains flattened sacs called cisternae
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
a specialize structure within a cell that performs a specific functions
organelle
a thin flexible barrier that surround the cell and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell
cell membrane
the control center of the cell that contains the cell’s DNA and direct the cell activities
Nucleus
the fluid like substance inside the cell where various organelles are suspended
Cytoplasm
organelles responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration
mitochondria
a network membranes that transport protein and other molecules within the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
an organelle involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging protein transport within the cell or secreation outside the cell
golgi apparatus
a small organelle that is responsible for protein synthesis
ribosome
organelles containing enzymes that breakdown waste materials and cellular debris
lysosome
a storage organelle that store water, nutrients, and waste materials
vacuole
an organelle found in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis and containing chlorophyll
Chloroplast
a rigid outer layer found in plant cells that provides support and protection
cell wall
a network protein filaments that give shape, support, and allow for movement within the cell
cytoskeleton
small membranous sacs that transport and store various substances within the cell
vesicle
cylindrical structures involved in cell division and the formation of spindle finders
centriole
