Lesson 1 - Chapter 1 Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, and Scientific Revolution Flashcards
(29 cards)
The Renaissance
means “rebirth” marked the transition from medieval times to the early modern world
Humanism
intellectual movement in which the classical culture of Greece and Rome, focused on worldly subjects rather than religious issues, believed education should stimulate the individual’s creative powers
Humanities
subjects such as grammar, rhetoric poetry, and history
Patron
a financial supporter of the arts
Petrarch
early Renaissance humanist, poet, and scholar
Leonardo da Vinci
an artist, painted the Mona Lisa, inventor
Michelangelo Buonarroti
sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, and poet
Raphael
artist, developed his own style of painting, created The School of Athens
Baldassare Castiglione
Author, poet, wrote the “The Book of Courtier”
Niccolo Machiavelli
scholar, author, wrote a guide for rulers on how to gain and maintain power, wrote The Prince
“Perspective” Technique
a technique discovered in the renaissance that was parallel lines at a vanishing point to create an illusion of a flat surface.
Johann Gutenberg
printed the first complete edition of the Christian Bible, created printing evolution
“vernacular”
a language that is spoken by ordinary people in their region, scholars would translate in latin and vernacular.
Sir Thomas More
humanist, wrote Utopia demonstrating an ideal society in which men and woman live in harmony and peace.
William Shakespeare
Famous English poet and playwright, he wrote 37 plays all performed around the world.
Protestant Reformation
a movement that unleashed forces against the Christian religion
Martin Luther and Lutheranism
a German monk and professor of technology who triggered the revolt against the Church.
John Calvin and Calvinism
a priest and lawyer, he published a book explaining how to run a Protestant church, he created Calvinism which believed there were two kinds of people, a sinner and a saint.
“Predestination”
the idea that God had long ago determined who would gain salvation.
Henry VIII and Anglicanism
King Henry was against Protestant revolt and he created the break with the Catholic Church.
Mary Tudor
Henry and Catherine’s only surviving child.
Elizabeth I of England
Henry and Anne’s daughter.
The Scientific Revolution
A profound shift in science thinking brought about the final break with Europe’s medieval past.
Nicolaus Copernicus
Polish scholar who published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, he proposed the heliocentric model of the universe.
