Lesson 1: Foundational Concepts Flashcards
What are the 6 actions of the in-hospital cardiac chain of survival?
Surveillance and Prevention
Recognition of cardiac emergency and activation of emergency response system
Early high-quality CPR
Pediatric advanced life support
Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
Recovery
What are the six actions of the out-of-hospital cardiac chain of survival?
Prevention
Recognition of cardiac emergency and activation of emergency response system
Early high-quality CPR
Pediatric Advanced Life Support
Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
Recovery
What is the proper rate of compressions?
100-120 compressions per minute
How long should it take to complete 30 compressions?
15-18 seconds
How long should it take to complete 15 compressions?
7-9 seconds
What is the desired compression depth of infants and children?
Infants: 1 1/2 inches
Children: 2 inches
How long should each ventilation last?
About 1 second
How is Tidal Volume calculated in the pediatric patient?
5-8 mL/kg of ideal body weight
What are some dangers of excessive ventilations?
Increased intrathoracic pressure (decreased venous return and cardiac output)
Gastric insufflation (regurgitation and aspiration)
How often should providers switch off giving compressions?
Every 2 minutes or sooner.
What is the chest compression fraction (CCF)?
% of time spent performing compressions.
What does capnography measure?
End tidal carbon dioxide level
What are normal end tidal carbon dioxide levels?
35-45 mmHg
Where should end tidal carbon dioxide levels be when high quality CPR is being administered?
15-20 mmHg
When should 2 initial ventilations be delivered prior to starting CPR?
When drowning is suspected.
When a primary respiratory etiology is suspected
What is the definition of a child?
1 year to onset of puberty (usually around 12 years)
Where should hands be placed to administer compressions?
Center of chest.
Lower half of sternum.
What is the compression/ventilation ratio for 1-person CPR?
30:2
What is the compression/ventilation ratio for 2-person CPR?
15:2
How long should CPR be continued?
Until you are relieved
ROSC
Presented with DNR
Too exhausted to continue
Situation becomes unsafe
What are the two methods to perform compressions on the infant?
Encircling thumbs technique (preferred for single provider)
Two-finger technique
Where are the thumbs placed on the encircling thumbs technique?
Side-by-side on the center of the chest just below the nipple line
Where are fingers placed when administering the two-finger technique?
Center of chest, just below nipple line on the sternum.
How should the airway be positioned on an infant?
A neutral position
