Lesson 1: Fundamental Properties of Fluid

Question 1

___________________ is the science that deals with the action of forces on fluids at rest, as well as in motion.

Answer 1

Fluid mechanics

Question 2

the study of fluids at rest

Answer 2

Fluid statics

Question 3

the study of fluids in motion

Answer 3

Fluid kinematics

Question 4

the study of the effect of forces on fluid motion.

Answer 4

Fluid dynamics

Question 5

It is a branch of science concerned with the practical applications of fluids, primarily liquids, in motion.

Answer 5

Hydraulics

Question 6

_________ exists in two states – the solid state and the fluid state.

Answer 6

Matter

Question 7

Because molecules in solid state are spaced very closely, solids possess __________________ and __________ of form

Answer 7

compactness, rigidity

Question 8

fluids do not possess any ___________ of form.

Answer 8

rigidity

Question 9

____________ exists in two forms: liquid and gas.

Answer 9

Fluid

Question 10

A liquid has a free surface and gas does not.

True or false?

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Liquids are practically incompressible while gases are compressible.

True or false?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

The mass per unit of volume.

Answer 12

Density

Question 13

The weight per unit of volume of a fluid.

Answer 13

Unit weight

Question 14

The volume occupied by a unit mass of fluid.

Answer 14

Specific volume

Question 15

The ratio of specific weight of a given liquid to the specific weight of water at a standard reference temperature (4°C)

Answer 15

Specific gravity

Question 16

The amount of resistance of a fluid to shearing forces. It describes the internal friction of a moving fluid.

Answer 16

Absolute or Dynamic Viscosity

Question 17

The ratio of dynamic viscosity of the fluid, μ, to its mass density, ρ.

Answer 17

Kinematic Viscosity

Question 18

Variation of Viscosity with Temperature

Liquids – ___________________
where Viscosity decreases as temperature increases.

Answer 18

cohesion and momentum transfer

Question 19

Variation of Viscosity with Temperature

Gases – _______________________________________ where Viscosity increases as temperature increases.

Answer 19

molecular momentum transfer

Question 20

bonding of dissimilar molecules

Answer 20

adhesion

Question 21

bonding of similar molecules

Answer 21

cohesion

Question 22

A contractive tendency of the surface of a fluid that allows it to resist an external force.

Answer 22

Surface tension

Question 23

The movement of a liquid through a thin-bore tube

Answer 23

Capillarity

Question 24

the force exerted by the vapor.

Answer 24

vapor pressure

Question 25

The vapor should meet the following conditions in order to exert the vapor pressure: The vapor should be in _____________ with its liquid or solid phase. Vapor should be at a _____________ temperature. Both vapor and its condensed form should exist in a _____________ system.

Answer 25

equilibrium, constant, closed

Question 26

A fluid that is both incompressible and have no viscosity. Its bulk modulus is infinite. It has no surface tension.

Answer 26

Ideal fluid

Question 27

A fluid that possesses viscosity, finite compressibility and surface tension.

Answer 27

Real fluid

Question 28

A fluid in which the shear stress is directly proportional to the shear strain or velocity gradient

Answer 28

Newtonian fluid

Question 29

A real fluid that doesn't follow the Newton’s law of viscosity.

Answer 29

Non-Newtonian fluid

Question 30

The viscosity of these fluids decreases as the stress increases

Answer 30

Pseudoplastic fluid

Question 31

A fluid which viscosity increases as stress is applied

Answer 31

Dilatant fluid

Question 32

It does not flow until a critical stress (yield stress) is exceeded and then flows at a rate proportional to the excess of stress over the yield stress

Answer 32

Bingham plastic

Question 33

There is a decrease in viscosity with time under a constant applied shear stress.

Answer 33

Thixotropic fluid

Question 34

Fluid that has an increase in their viscosity as the time of application of stress increases

Answer 34

Rheopectic fluid

Question 35

Water

Answer 35

Newtonian

Question 36

Air

Answer 36

Newtonian

Question 37

Oobleck

Answer 37

NN, dilatant

Question 38

Toothpaste

Answer 38

NN, Bingham

Question 39

Ketchup

Answer 39

NN, Pseudoplastic

Question 40

Egg white

Answer 40

NN, Rheopectic

Question 41

Nail polish

Answer 41

NN, Thixotropic

Question 42

Mayonnaise

Answer 42

NN, Bingham

Question 43

Quick sand

Answer 43

NN, Pseudoplastic

Question 44

Honey

Answer 44

Newtonian