LESSON 1 LAB SAFETY

Question 1

Agencies making the laboratory safety & regulations

Answer 1

Safety agencies and organizations

Question 2

An organization for occupational safety and health

Answer 2

Occupational safety and health administration

Question 3

Public law?

Answer 3

91-596

Question 4

Enacted by US congress in?

Answer 4

1970

Question 5

GOALS FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT

Answer 5

Provide all employees with a safe work environment

Question 6

Previously known as national committee for clinical laboratory standards (NCCLS)

Answer 6

Clinical and laboratory standards institute

Question 7

Part of the U.S department of health and human services

Answer 7

Center of disease control and prevention

Question 8

Provides extensive inspection checklist for laboratory accreditation programs

Answer 8

College of American pathologists

Question 9

What are the 3 OSHA’s Lines of defense

Answer 9

Engineering controls
Administrative and work practice controls
Personal protective equipment

Question 10

Most effective

Answer 10

Engineering controls

Question 11

Less effective

Answer 11

Personal protective equipment

Question 12

What are the hierarchy of controls

Answer 12

-Ppe
-Administrative controls
-Engineering controls
-Substitution
-Elimination

Question 13

Protect the worker=least effective
Ex.Gloves, goggles,Facemask,Labgowns

Answer 13

PPE

Question 14

Change the way people work
More on documents=Policies and procedures practices that provides safer methods
Ex.Curfews during the pandemic

Answer 14

Administrative controls

Question 15

Isolate people from the hazards
Focused more on building structure
Can involve machines to do the work
Ex.Barriers used against covid 19

Answer 15

Engineering controls

Question 16

Use a safer alternative and replace the hazard
Ex.Replace knife without handle to a knife with a handle

Answer 16

Substitution

Question 17

Physically remove the hazard
Ex.Replace knife with blender to cut something

Answer 17

Elimination

Question 18

Commonly used in the US
after collecting blood=cap turns down cover the needle and avoid pricks to patient & MT

Answer 18

Safety needles

Question 19

-Non-infectious/Domestic dry waste (Paper)
-Does not contain sharps, medicinal waste, or infectious material.

Answer 19

Black

Question 20

• Non-infectious wet/medicinal waste (kitchen, dietary, etc.)
• Requires incineration in a suitable permitted facility
Ex. Fruit Peels, Liquid Containers

Answer 20

Green

Question 21

Infectious & Pathological waste
Requires disposal by incineration
• Ex. Blood/Urine samples & their containers, Gloves, Face Mask

Answer 21

Yellow

Question 22

• Offensive/Chemical waste including thos w/ heavy metals
-Offensive/hygiene waste w/c may be landfilled in permitted or licensed sites

Answer 22

Yellow with black band

Question 23

-Radioactive waste
-May be treated to render it as safe prior to disposal
-Can also be incinerated
-Commonly seen in the nuclear medicine department

Answer 23

Orange

Question 24

-Cytotoxic/cytostatic waste
-Must be incinerated in a suitable permitted facility

Answer 24

Purple

Question 25

-Sharps & Pressurized containers (Vacutainer Tubes, Needles, Lancets, Broken Glass)

Answer 25

Red

Question 26

Prevents splashes from the sample

Answer 26

Splash guards

Question 27

Prevents blood from spilling or being aerosolized

Answer 27

Centrifuge safety buckets

Question 28

No filtration of air Exhausts chemical fumes outside the laboratory • Suitable for chemicals and non-sterile work Sterile = no contamination from pathogens No sample protection but has Operator Protection Never used for infectious agents

Answer 28

Fume hood

Question 29

• Has both sample & operator protection • High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filtration of air intake & exhaust • Used with infectious specimens • Recirculates filtered air in to laboratory • Ensure sterility = used in bacterial cultures & sample processing (Culturing, planting of bacteria, processing of sputum, urine)

Answer 29

Biological safety cabinet

Question 30

Better than the normal bulb pipettes w/c are more difficult to use.

Answer 30

Mechanical pipetting devices

Question 31

Ergonomic hazard controls that will prevent ergonomic injury to the employee

Answer 31

Computer wrist arm pad

Question 32

Eliminates the need to touch sources of contamination = commonly seen in surgery dept.

Answer 32

Sensory controlled sinks and foot knee elbow controlled faucets

Question 33

• Used when chemicals splash the eyes

Answer 33

Eyewash station

Question 34

• Know properties of chemicals found inside to prevent unwanted reactions

Answer 34

Chemical storage cabinet

Question 35

Used when fire/chemicals get on the employees' clothes/body.

Answer 35

Safety showers

Question 36

Under administrative controls General procedures/policies that mandate measures to reduce/eliminate hazard exposure

Answer 36

Work practice controls

Question 37

Treat all samples in the laboratory as infectious even if the patient has no disease.

Answer 37

Universal precautions

Question 38

• Ideally we should wash our hands after each contact • Procedures for handwashing was established by World Health Organization

Answer 38

Hand washing after each patient contact

Question 39

Give me the 10 work practice controls

Answer 39

-universal precaution -hand washing after each patient contact -cleaning surfaces with disinfectant -avoiding unnecessary use of needles and sharps and not recapping -Red bag waste disposal -immunization for hepatitis -Job rotation to minimize repetitive task -orientation, Training, continuing education -No eating,drinking, continuing education -Warning signage

Question 40

What are the PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS

Answer 40

Gloves Lab gown Eyewash station Protective eyewear Face shield Face mask Safety shower Appropriate foot wear

Question 41

May transmit infectious disease Ex. Feces, Urine, Blood, Sputum,

Answer 41

Medical waste

Question 42

-Any specimen potentially containing an infectious agent -Discard sharps in puncture resistant containers located within work area -We should be mindful when we are dealing with needles. -Needles should NOT be transported, recapped, bent or broken by hand.

Answer 42

Biohazard

Question 43

4 factors causing fire

Answer 43

Fuel Oxygen Heat Uninhibited reaction

Question 44

How to operate a fire extinguisher:PUSH

Answer 44

Pull pin Aim nozzle Squeeze trigger Sweep nozzle

Question 45

In case of fire: RACE

Answer 45

Rescue Alarm\aim Contain fire Extinguish\evacuate

Question 46

Direct effect in electrical hazards

Answer 46

Shocks, burns, death

Question 47

Indirect effect in electrical hazards

Answer 47

Explosion, fire

Question 48

Give me the 8 MSDS LIST

Answer 48

Product identity Hazardous ingredients Physical data Fire & explosion hazard data Reactivity data Health hazard data Precautions for safe handling and use Control measures

Question 49

• Also called package insert • Must be on file & available for each chemical in the All of the safety and precautions are found in this sheet All chemicals used in the lab should have this How to handle Chemical properties

Answer 49

Material safety data sheets

Question 50

• Colors cannot be interchanged • Each diamond represents a certain hazard

Answer 50

National fire protection agency

Question 51

Right??

Answer 51

Reactivity

Question 52

Top

Answer 52

Flash point

Question 53

Left??

Answer 53

Health hazards

Question 54

Bottom??

Answer 54

Specific properties of the chemical

Question 55

• Chemical easily burns/ignites • Ex. Acetonitrile,

Answer 55

Flammable

Question 56

Materials w/c cause visible destruction and/or irreversible alterations at point of contact to living tissues External damage • Ex. Acetic Acid, Photographic Fixer, Sodium Hydroxide

Answer 56

Corrosive

Question 57

Upon contact w/ water or air = will have a violent rx. or explosion

Answer 57

Reactive

Question 58

Materials w/c causes harm upon entering the body • Carcinogens, Mutagens, Poisons Internal damage Ex. Benzene, Bromine, Powdered inks and/or Pigments, Sodium azide, Formaldehyde

Answer 58

Toxic

Question 59

• Causes harm by irritating the eyes & skin • Causes allergic rx. & drowsiness/eye irritation • Lack of coordination &/ organ damage • Reagents in the lab have a Component that is a skin irritant=sodium azide (NaN3)

Answer 59

Irritant

Question 60

cause harm to the environment at large, particularly aquatic animals Ex. Anthrax, Arsenic, Asbestos, Lead, Mercury,

Answer 60

Environmental hazard

Question 61

What are the types of hazards

Answer 61

Biological hazard Chemical hazard Radiation hazard Mechanical hazard Ergonomic hazard

Question 62

Most reactive

Answer 62

Potassium

Question 63

Least reactive?

Answer 63

Platinum

Question 64

AKA physical hazard

Answer 64

Mechanical hazard

Question 65

Can damage living tissue in the human body (bombing) It strips away & disrupts electrons from atoms and breaks chemical bonds.

Answer 65

Ionizing radiation

Question 66

Less harmful radiation

Answer 66

Non ionizing radiation

Question 67

3 principles of radiation exposure

Answer 67

Distance shielding time