Lesson 1: Scientific Method and Homeostasis Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is anatomy?
Anatomy refers to the internal and external structures of the body and their physical relationships.
What is physiology?
Physiology refers to the study of the functions of anatomical structures.
What does physiology describe?
The chemistry and physics behind basic body functions, from how molecules behave in cells to how systems of organs work together.
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is a self-regulating process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to changing external conditions.
What are the three tenets of cell theory?
- All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
- All cells come from pre-existing cells.
- The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization that performs life functions.
What are the five characteristics of living organisms?
- Made up of cells.
- Grow and maintain structure by taking in chemicals and energy.
- Respond to the external environment.
- Reproduce and pass on genetic information.
- Evolve and adapt to their environment.
What is the scientific method?
The scientific method is a specific method by which scientists gain knowledge about the world.
Define hypothesis.
A hypothesis is a testable prediction based on observations.
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
A hypothesis is a testable prediction, while a theory is a well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world.
What is an independent variable?
The independent variable is the factor a scientist manipulates to get results.
What is a dependent variable?
The dependent variable responds to changes in the independent variable.
What are control variables?
Control variables are the things held constant in every trial of the experiment.
What is a control group?
A control group is a sample that undergoes all the same steps in the experiment except the one being tested.
True or False: The control group is necessary to establish a cause and effect relationship.
True.
Fill in the blank: The power of the _______ effect can influence outcomes in experiments.
placebo
What is the purpose of data collection in an experiment?
To analyze and determine a conclusion based on the results.
What happens to a hypothesis after data analysis?
It is either rejected or confirmed.
What should scientists report after an experiment?
- Scientific question investigated.
- Hypothesis and reasoning.
- Testable prediction.
- Design of the experiment.
- Samples of data collected.
- Explanation of data analysis.
- Results.
Fill in the blank: The scientific method starts with a _______ question.
scientific
What is a testable prediction?
A more precise statement derived from a hypothesis, usually in the IF/THEN format.
What is the role of reasoning, experience, and observations in the scientific method?
They are used to devise a hypothesis.
Fill in the blank: The data collected from the experiment is analyzed to determine a _______.
conclusion
What example demonstrates the effect of nitrogen on plant growth?
If nitrogen increases the rate of plant growth, then the more nitrogen a plant receives, the more it will grow.
