Lesson 1.1 - 1.4

Question 1

Earth is compared to a grape that contracted into a raisin due to the cooling process.

Answer 1

Raisin Theory

Question 2

When did the Big Bang happened?

Answer 2

about 13.77 billion years ago

Question 3

Caused contraction and pressure that allowed some parts of the crust to rise, while others buckled downward.

Answer 3

The cooling process

Question 4

Who proposed the term “Isostasy” in 1889?

Answer 4

Clarence Edward Dutton

Question 5

Equilibrium exists on the Earth’s surface, equal mass

Answer 5

Isostasy

Question 6

equal mass, equal volume

Answer 6

Isostasy

Question 7

the term tectonic is derived from the Greek word? Which means?

Answer 7

Tekton

Carpenter or builder

Question 8

Tectonic plates are also known as?

Answer 8

Lithospheric plates

Question 9

Are massive slabs of solid rock that surrounds the earth’s surface

Answer 9

Tectonic plates or lithospheric plates

Question 10

Earth’s crust consists of several large interlocking plates that move in different directions and velocities.

Answer 10

Tectonic plate theory

Question 11

large continental mass must be composed of lighter materials

Answer 11

Isostasy

Question 12

plates that move around by floating on top of the mantle

Answer 12

tectonic plates

Question 13

According to tectonic plate theory…?

Answer 13

the earth’s outermost layer is divided into a dozen or more large and small slabs known as lithospheric plates.

Question 14

Rocky outer part of the earth made up of a brittle crust and the top part of the upper mantle

Answer 14

lithosphere

Question 15

The denser and weaker layer beneath the lithosphere mantle.

Answer 15

Asthenosphere

Question 16

Much hotter and fluid than the lithosphere

Answer 16

asthenosphere

Question 17

Magma chamber, extreme hot and pressure

Answer 17

asthenosphere

Question 18

Causes the movement in the asthenosphere

Answer 18

convection current

Question 19

One of the foundational works that gave rise to the plate tectonics theory

Answer 19

Theatrum Orbis Terrarum

Question 20

Who published the first world atlas and when?

Answer 20

Abraham Ortelius on January 1, 1596

Question 21

Who proposed the continental drift theory?

Answer 21

Alfred Wegener

Question 22

What was Alfred Wegener’s book? (include year when was published)

Answer 22

The origins of continents and ocean in 1915

Question 23

All earth

Answer 23

Pangaea

Question 24

Pangaea had really existed during the?

Answer 24

Permian period

Question 25

1,100 mya a supercontinent called ___ existed before Pangaea

Answer 25

Rodinia

Question 26

During the late Triassic period, Pangaea began to split into 2 smaller continents (give the names)

Answer 26

Laurasia and Gondwanaland

Question 27

Laurasia moved to the ____ pole, while Gondwanaland moved to the ___ pole.

Answer 27

Northern, Southern

Question 28

What sea separated the 2 supercontinents 251 to 65.5 mya?

Answer 28

Tethys sea

Question 29

Pangaea began to break apart around?

Answer 29

200 mya

Question 30

Continental drifting continued throughout the?

Answer 30

Jurassic period

Question 31

Surrounding Pangaea was a great sea called?

Answer 31

Panthalassa

Question 32

Earth is generally composed of how many crustal plates?

Answer 32

58

Question 33

How many major plates are there?

Answer 33

15

Question 34

Name the seven major continents

Answer 34

Asia Africa North America South America Antarctica Europe Australia

Question 35

2 types of lithospheric plates

Answer 35

Continental lithosphere and Oceanic lithosphere

Question 36

Associated with the continental crust is the solid ground on which you stand.

Answer 36

Continental lithosphere

Question 37

Made up of lower density materials like granitic rock

Answer 37

Continental lithosphere/crust

Question 38

What creates Continental crust

Answer 38

Volcanic eruptions

Question 39

Lighter, older, thicker, and has several deposits

Answer 39

Continental lithosphere/crust

Question 40

How old are continental rocks?

Answer 40

4 billion yrs old

Question 41

How old are oceanic rocks?

Answer 41

150-200 million yrs old

Question 42

what is the oldest foundation?

Answer 42

basement rocks (4 billion yrs old)

Question 43

Made up of heavier basalt and gabbro rocks

Answer 43

Oceanic crust

Question 44

formed by magma from volcanic eruptions that occurred underwater

Answer 44

Oceanic crust

Question 45

younger, thinner, denser, limited lifespan

Answer 45

Oceanic crust

Question 46

____ crust does not subduct, whereas the ____ crust does.

Answer 46

Continental, Oceanic

Question 47

this theory states that these plates have the ability to move horizontally by gliding over the asthenosphere

Answer 47

Tectonic plate theory