Lesson 11 - Ethical Issues Around Biotechnology Flashcards
(6 cards)
What is Bioethics
The study of controversial issues brought about by advances in biology and medicine
The study of morally right or wrong of biotechnology
What are and what do Genetically Modified
Organisms (GMO) do?
GMO are introduced to the society in order to increase the standard of living by:
- Increase crop yield (ie, resistance to cold temperature, diseases, chemical)
- Improve quality of food
- Improve medical treatment
GMO and Environment
Since the genetically modified organisms can resist temperature better than other natural organisms – they survive better
Potential environmental problems:
- GM organisms become invasive (chances of cross-breed superweed)
- Disrupt food chain by being a producer
- Unpredictable toxicicty to certain organisms in ecosystem (ex. Bt Corn)
GMO and Society
GM food can:
- Have longer shelf life (last longer)
- Increase yield
Potential environmental problems:
- Increase supply of food 🡪 decrease in price 🡪 may force small businesses to go out of business
GMO and Human Health Risks
Possibility that introducing a gene into a plant may create a new allergen or cause an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals.
Eg. A proposal to incorporate a gene from Brazil nuts into soybeans was abandoned because of the fear of causing unexpected allergic reactions
Unknown effects on human health:
- Infertility
- Decreased immunity
- Accelerated aging
- Organ damage
Gene Therapy
How can “good” and “bad” uses of gene therapy be distinguished?
Who decides which traits are normal and which constitute a disability or disorder?
Will the high costs of gene therapy make it available only to the wealthy?
Could the widespread use of gene therapy make society less accepting of people who are different?
Should people be allowed to use gene therapy to enhance basic human traits such as height, intelligence, or athletic ability?
