Lesson 14

Question 1

-The science of heredity
-The study of genes and information it carries

Answer 1

GENETIC/S

Question 2

-The genetic information that a cell carry that includes chromosome and plasmid

Answer 2

GENOME

Question 3

This contain the DNA that carry the hereditary information or the genes.

Answer 3

CHROMOSOME

Question 4

These are segments of DNA that code for functional products.

Answer 4

GENE/S

Question 5

A macromolecule
Compose of repeating unit called NUCLEOTIDES

Answer 5

DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)

Question 6

What are the composition of nucleotides?

Answer 6

•NITROGENOUS BASE - adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine

•DEOXYRIBOSE - pentose sugar

•PHOSPHATE GROUP

Question 7

What is the formation/structure of DNA?

Answer 7

DOUBLE HELIX

Question 8

What is the bond that held the two strands and located in between base pairs?

Answer 8

HYDROGEN BOND

Question 9

Base pair of ADENINE

Answer 9

THYMINE

Question 10

Base pair of GUANINE

Answer 10

CYTOSINE

Question 11

Base pair of THYMINE

Answer 11

ADENINE

Question 12

Base pair of CYTOSINE

Answer 12

GUANINE

Question 13

These numbers indicate end-to-end chemical orientation.

Answer 13

5 prime end & 3 prime end

Question 14

-This prime end is important during replication
-New nucleotide is added to this end

Answer 14

3’end

Question 15

The genetic make up of an organism that codes for all its characteristics

Answer 15

GENOTYPE

Question 16

The actual expressed properties of an organism.
The manifestation of genotype

Answer 16

PHENOTYPE

Question 17

What type of organism that its DNA molecule is singular and circular in characteristics and associated with proteins

Answer 17

BACTERIAL CHROMOSOME

Question 18

This type of chromosome is folded and looped.
Also attached to the plasma membrane

Answer 18

BACTERIAL CHROMOSOME

Question 19

A process of passing genetic information from one generation to the next.

Answer 19

DNA REPLICATION

Question 20

An enzyme that is responsible in separating the single strand permanently

Answer 20

HELICASE

Question 21

This is a short sequence of RNA that occur during DNA replication.
Compose of 10 nucleotides in length.

Answer 21

PRIMERS

Question 22

This produces/synthesize primers

Answer 22

PRIMASE

Question 23

This enzyme adds new nucleotide one by one to the end of a growing strand.

Answer 23

DNA POLYMERASE

Question 24

This type of strand is produced in the same direction of the replication fork.

Answer 24

LEADING STRAND

Question 25

A type of strand that is produce in the other direction of replication fork and where okazaki fragments are produced.

Answer 25

LAGGING STRAND

Question 26

This type of strand is a small section of DNA that are formed during discontinous production/synthesis of the lagging strand.

Answer 26

OKAZAKI STRAND

Question 27

A japanese scientist who discovered the okazaki fragments.

Answer 27

REIJI OKAZAKI

Question 28

This enzyme fills the gap between the fragments in the lagging strands

Answer 28

LIGASE

Question 29

A process wherein genetic information in DNA is copied or transcribe into a complimentary base sequence of RNA.

Answer 29

TRANSCRIPTION

Question 30

A process of *synthesizing/producing protein* with the use if encoded information.

Answer 30

TRANSLATION

Question 31

What are the 3 types of RNA in a bacterial cell?

Answer 31

•messenger RNA (mRNA) •ribosomal RNA (rRNA) •transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 32

This type of RNA carried the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes

Answer 32

messengerRNA

Question 33

This is where production of protein takes place.

Answer 33

RIBOSOME

Question 34

The site where RNA synthesis starts.

Answer 34

PROMOTER

Question 35

The site where production of RNA end.

Answer 35

TERMINATOR