lesson 2 Flashcards
are the basic unit of all living things
cells
Cell Types
prokaryotes; eukaryotes
single celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles example = bacteria
*Prokaryotes
with nucleus
-more complex cells that have internal, membrane-bound structures
examples = plants and animals
Eukaryotes
cells contain
organelles
are cell components that PERFORMS SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS FOR THE CELL
Organelles
- It is made up of fluid-like substances where the membrane-bound organelles are located.
Cytoplasm
“The boundary of the cell”; also known as plasma membrane or plasmalemma; composed of two distinct layers of phospholipids
Cell membrane-
- “The Brain of the Cell”; controls all the activities of the cell
Nucleus
.- “The Protein Factory of the Cell” ; site of protein synthesis; either free floating or attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosome
- “Transporter of proteins and molecules of the cell”
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum two types
*Smooth ER- ribosome free and functions in poison detoxification.
*Rough ER- contains ribosomes and releases newly made protein from the cell
“modifies, packages, stores, and transports materials out of the cell”;
Golgi apparatus
.- “The Suicidal Bag of the Cell”; helps digest bacteria, viruses, complex food particles, and damaged cell components
Lysosome
- found only in animal cells; plays a role in cellular reproduction
Centriole
. - “The Framework of the Cell”; they support the cell, giving it its shape and help with the movement of its organelles
Cystoskeleton
- “The Powerhouse of the Cell”; produces high energy compound ATP; plural form is mitochondria
Mitochondrion
-“The Site of Photosynthesis”; found only in plants and algae
Chloroplast
- “The Water Storage of the Cell”; sacs that help in food digestion or helping the cell maintain it swater balance
Vacuole-
. extra structure surrounding its plasma membrane in plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria.
Cell wall-
- often an added part of the cell used for movement
Cell Appendages
found only in animal cells:
centriole
found only in plant cells:
cell wall; chloroplast
found in both animal and plant cells:
cell membrane
ribosomes
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
lysosomes
vacoules
mitochondria
cytoskeleton
