Lesson 2

Question 1

is the series of monthly natural changes that prepares the female body for pregnancy.

Answer 1

menstrual cycle

Question 2

Girls usually start having their menstrual periods between the ages of

Answer 2

10 to 14

Question 3

the uterus lining will shed off its lining in a monthly bleeding or monthly period called

Answer 3

menstruation

Question 4

typically lasts for three to five days.

Answer 4

menstruation

Question 5

is the term used to describe the first menstruation and signals the sexual transition into sexual maturity.

Answer 5

Menarche

Question 6

describes the development of ovarian follicles and ovulation, whereas the uterine cycle describes the cyclic changes in the endometrium in preparation for possible implantation of a fertilized oocyte

Answer 6

ovarian cycle

Question 7

The ovarian cycle is divided into two phases

Answer 7

follicular and luteal

Question 8

is the first half of the ovarian cycle that occurs during the first 14 days of the menstrual cycle.

Answer 8

follicular phase

Question 9

is the release of an egg from the ovary.

Answer 9

Ovulation

Question 10

is the second half of the ovarian cycle that occurs during day 14 to day 28 of the menstrual cycle.

Answer 10

luteal phase

Question 11

is the process of becoming pregnant that involves fertilization and implantation.

Answer 11

Conception

Question 12

The average duration of human gestation is about

Answer 12

280 days or 40 weeks

Question 12

refers to the time required for the full development of the offspring in the uterus.

Answer 12

gestation

Question 13

From this point on until the eighth week of pregnancy, the embryo forms and develops through the process called

Answer 13

embryogenesis or embryonic development

Question 14

successive cleavages transform the embryo into a solid ball of 16 to 32 cells called the

Answer 14

morula

Question 15

is still within the zona pellucida and there is no increase in its size

Answer 15

morula

Question 16

the blastula is a spherical layer of cells that contains a fluid-filled cavity called the

Answer 16

blastocoel

Question 17

an embryonic structure with two distinct layers: inner cell mass (also called the embryoblast) and trophoblast.

Answer 17

blastocyst

Question 18

the formation and development of organs then follows.

Answer 18

Organogenesis

Question 19

Beginning from the ninth week of gestation, the developing human is called a

Answer 19

fetus

Question 20

The major organs of the body such as the brain, lungs, and heart are present

Answer 20

Fetal Development

Question 21

Ninth week old embryo
in the fetus

Answer 21

Fetal Development

Question 22

the size of the fetus has more than doubled

Answer 22

10th to 12th weeks

Question 23

becomes a site of blood cell production

Answer 23

bone marrow

Question 24

the head of the fetus becomes more proportion to its body

Answer 24

13th to 16th weeks

Question 25

the various organs in the body have reached their relative sizes. The mother often observes fetal movement, especially the kicking of the fetal limbs.

Answer 25

17th to 20th weeks

Question 26

starts to cover the body of the fetus. As the development of the fetus progresses, lanugo sheds until it disappears completely.

Answer 26

the lanugo

Question 27

the eyelids and eyebrows of the fetus begin to form their definitive shape.

Answer 27

20th to 25th weeks

Question 28

the fetus undergoes rapid weight gain and takes up most of the space in the uterus.

Answer 28

26th to 30th weeks

Question 29

The toenails and fingernails are visible.

Answer 29

31st to 36th week

Question 30

(also called labor or parturition) is the process by which the fetus is physically expelled from the uterus.

Answer 30

Childbirth

Question 31

This process normally occurs around the 36th to the 40th week of gestation

Answer 31

Childbirth

Question 32

This event stimulates the hypothalamus to direct the posterior pituitary gland to release the hormone ... into the bloodstream.

Answer 32

oxytocin

Question 33

Concurrently, the placenta and the fetus release the hormone ... into the uterus to increase the frequency of contractions

Answer 33

prostaglandin

Question 34

is a large fetomaternal organ that connects the developing embryo to the uterus.

Answer 34

Placenta

Question 35

Childbirth consists of three distinct stages of labor

Answer 35

dilation, expulsion, and afterbirth

Question 36

is a narrow, tube-like structure that serves as a lifeline between the mother and the developing embryo

Answer 36

Umbilical cord

Question 37

is a surgical procedure in which incisions are made through the mother's uterus to get the offspring out.

Answer 37

Cesarean section