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General Biology 1 12 > Lesson 2 Cell > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Cell Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Cells

A

Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic

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2
Q

no

lack a nuclear
envelope and membrane-
bound organelles

divides
through Binary Fission

A

Prokaryotic Cells

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3
Q

yes

has

are generally larger and have
very distinct nuclei that are clearly
surrounded by nuclear membranes

They also have numerous membrane-
bound organelles found in the
cytoplasm

they divide through
Cell Division

A

Eukaryotic Cells

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4
Q

Regions of the cell

A

Cell(plasma) membrane
Protoplasm
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

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5
Q

all the living matter in a cell

includes Nucleus Cytoplasm

A

Protoplasm

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6
Q

regions of the animal cell

A

cell membrane
nucleus
nucleolus
vacuole
lysosome
cytoplasm
mitochrondion
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi complex

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7
Q

lipid bilayer

A

hydrophilic head
hydrophobic tail

barrier

impermeable to most water-soluble molecules

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8
Q

Components of Plasma Membrane

A

Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates

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9
Q

types of lipids in plasma membrane

eu

A

phospholipids
cholesterol

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10
Q

types of proteins in plasma membrane

eu

A

integral proteins
peripherals proteins

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11
Q

types of carbohydrates in plasma membrane

eu

A

glycolipids
glycoproteins

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12
Q

Characteristics of Plasma Membrane

A

Fluid Mosaic Model
Membrane Fluidity
Selectively Permeable

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13
Q

Mosaic

A

different molecules

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14
Q

Fluidity

A

natural
viscosity

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15
Q

fatty acid tails of the
phospholipids

M F

eu

A

“kinks”

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16
Q

molecules which act
as regulators of
fluidity

M F

eu

A

cholesterol

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17
Q

which only allows
certain molecules
to move into and
out of the cell

A

lipid bilayer

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18
Q

Plasma Membrane is permeable to:

A

Lipids
Alcohol
Small Molecules
(oxygen nitrogen carbon dioxide water)

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19
Q

Plasma Membrane is impermeable to

A

Polar Molecules
Large Molecules
(glucose amino acids nucleic acids proteins)

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20
Q

4 roles of membrane proteins

A

channel
carrier
cell recognition
receptor

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21
Q

passageway of certain
molecules

A

Channel
Proteins

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22
Q

change conformation to
transport molecules

A

Carrier Proteins

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23
Q

detect invading
pathogens

A

Cell Recognition
Proteins

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24
Q

binding of molecules to
trigger responses

A

Receptor
Proteins

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25
Models of plasma membrane
Lipid Bilayer Sandwich Model Fluid Mosaic Model
26
this is where all different subcellular structures are suspended
Cytoplasm
27
material that makes up the Cytoplasm
Cytosol
28
found in Eukaryotic Cells site where Nucleic Acids are synthesized site for the storage of heredity factors
Nucleus
29
parts of the Nucleus
Nuclear Membrane Nucleoplasm Nucleolus Nuclear Pore Chromatin
30
two-layered membrane contains ribosomes on its outer later continous with the endoplasmic reticulum
nuclear membrane
31
dense, protein-rich substance where the nucleolus is suspended
nucleoplasm
32
responsible for ribosome formation rich in proteins and nucleic acids where rRNA is transribed and assembled
Nucleolus
33
selective channels between the cytoplasm and nucleus
nuclear pore
34
made of DNA and proteins forms chromosomes during cell division
chromatin
35
Cytoplasmic Organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus Mitochondria Lysosomes
36
It moves material from one place to another place inside the cell. It extends from the nucleus to the cell membrane and takes up quite a lot of space in some cells.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
37
2 parts of endoplasmic reticulum
Rough Smooth
38
They are the packaging and releasing structures of the cell.
Golgi Apparatus
39
It is the “power house” of the cell.
Mitochondria
40
They contain chemicals/enzymes that digest wastes and worn- out/damaged cell parts.
Lysosomes
41
Phagocytosis
42
protein (actual building blocks) are made on the surfaces of these very tiny structures tiny dots on the edges of some of the endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes
43
participates in the formation of the mitotic spindle central role in cell division
Centriole
44
form the spindle apparatus that appears during cell division _+microfilaments, form the cytoskeleton
Microtubules
45
support the cell to maintain its structure and shape provides resiliency against forces that can alter the shape
Microfilaments
46
essential in the glucose cycle abundant in liver cells
Glycogen Granules
47
are substances that possess their own color abundant in plant cells
Pigment
48
parts of Plant Cell
R E R S E R G A N R M Microbody Chloroplast Vacuole Cell Wall P M or C M
49
provide strength and rigidity to the cell composed of cellulose plant
Cell Wall
50
larger and more centrally located in plant cells than in animal cells
Water Vacuoles
51
carry out the photosynthetic function in plants eg chloroplasts, chromoplasts, leucoplasts
Plastids
52
eukaryotic found where
plants animals fungi protists
53
prokaryotic found where
bacteria archea
54
Parts of the Prokaryotic Cell
Capsule Plasmid Pilus/Pili Flagellum Cell Wall Plasma Membrane Nucleoid Cytoplasm Ribosome Flagellum
55
a sticky outer layer that provides protection prc
Capsule
56
a structure that confers rigidity and shape to the cell prc
Cell Wall
57
a structure that serves as a permeability barrier prc
Plasma Membrane
58
a genetic material prc
Plasmid
59
DNA-containing region within the cytoplasm prc
nucleoid
60
the region where chromosomes (DNA), ribosomes, and various inclusions are found prc
Cytoplasm
61
the site where protein is synthesized prc
Ribosome
62
a hair-like appendage that functions in adhesion prc
Pilus/Pilu
63
facilitates movement of bacteria
Flagellum

General Biology 1 12 (6 decks)

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