Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Data Management Foundations C175 > Lesson 2 Data Modeling > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Data Modeling Flashcards

Lesson 2 of WGU Class C175

1
Q

A representation of the conceptual model, usually expressed graphically.

A

conceptual schema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The set of commands that allows an end user to manipulate the data in the database, such as SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, COMMIT, and ROLLBACK.

A

data manipulation language (DML)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A condition in which a model does not depend on the hardware used in the model’s implementation. Therefore, changes in the hardware will have no effect on the database design at the conceptual level.

A

Hardware Independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

An early database model whose basic concepts and characteristics formed the basis for subsequent database development. This model is based on an upside-down tree structure in which each record is called a segment. The top record is the root segment. Each segment has a 1:M relationship to the segment directly below it.

A

hierarchical model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An abstract representation of a real world entity that has a unique identity, embedded properties, and the ability to interact with other objects and itself.

A

object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The language that allows a database administrator to define the database structure, schema, and subschema.

A

data definition language (ddl)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In a class hierarchy, the superclass is the more general classification from which the subclasses inherit data structures and behaviors.

A

superclass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The type of relationship between entities. Classifications include 1:1, 1:M, and M:N.

A

connectivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An association between entities.

A

relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A representation of an internal model using the database constructs supported by the chosen database.

A

Internal Schema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A diagram used to represent data and their relationships in UML object notation.

A

class diagram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A DBMS based on the extended relational model (ERDM). The ERDM, championed by many relational database researchers, constitutes the relational model’s response to the OODM. This model includes many of the object-oriented model’s best features within an inherently simpler relational database structure.

A

object/relational database management system (O/R DBMS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Any process that requests specific services from server processes in a client/server environment.

A

client

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A data model that describes relationships (1:1, 1:M, and M:N) among entities at the conceptual level with the help of ER diagrams. The model was developed by Peter Chen.

A

entity relationship model (ERM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A diagram that depicts an entity relationship model’s entities, attributes, and relations.

A

entity relationship diagram (ERD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ensuring that the processing load is distributed evenly among multiple servers.

A

balancing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The organization of classes in a hierarchical tree in which each parent class is a superclass and each child class is a subclass. See also inheritance.

A

class heirarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A restriction placed on data, usually expressed in the form of rules. For example, “A student’s GPA must be between 0.00 and 4.00.” Constraints are important because they help to ensure data integrity.

A

constraint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The application programmer’s view of the data environment. Given its business focus, an external model works with a data subset of the global database schema.

A

external model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In database modeling, a level of data abstraction that adapts the conceptual model to a specific DBMS model for implementation. The internal model is the representation of a database as “seen” by the DBMS. In other words, the internal model requires a designer to match the conceptual model’s characteristics and constraints to those of the selected implementation model.

A

internal model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

An object formed by several different objects in complex relationships. See also abstract data types.

A

complex object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A characteristic of an entity or object. An _______ has a name and a data type.

A

attribute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A model that includes the object-oriented model’s best features in an inherently simpler relational database structural environment. See extended entity relationship model (EERM).

A

extended relational data model (ERDM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In the hierarchical data model, the equivalent of a file system’s record type.

A

segment (SEGM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The specific representation of an external view; the end user’s view of the data environment.

A

external schema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The portion of the database that interacts with application programs.

A

subschema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

A representation, usually graphic, of a complex “real-world” data structure. Data models are used in the database design phase of the Database Life Cycle.

A

data model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

A property of an OODBMS that allows the database to keep track of the different transformations performed on an object.

A

versioning

29
Q

A logical grouping of database objects, such as tables, indexes, views, and queries, that are related to each other. Usually, a schema belongs to a single user or application.

A

schema

30
Q

An open-source application programming interface (API) that provides fast data analytics services; one of the main Big Data technologies that allows organizations to process massive data stores.

A

MapReduce

31
Q

A row in a relational table. Also known as entity instance.

A

entity occurence

32
Q

Association among two or more entities in which one occurrence of an entity is associated with many occurrences of a related entity and one occurrence of the related entity is associated with many occurrences of the first entity.

A

many-to-many (M:N or ..) relationship

33
Q

The process of creating a specific data model for a determined problem domain.

A

data modeling

34
Q

One of three types of nodes used in the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The data node stores fixed-size data blocks (that could be replicated to other data nodes).

A

data node

35
Q

The group that accepted the DBTG recommendations and augmented database standards in 1975 through its SPARC committee.

A

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

36
Q

One of three types of nodes used in the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The client node acts as the interface between the user application and the HDFS. See also name node and data node.

A

client node

37
Q

A data model whose basic modeling structure is an object.

A

object-oriented data model (OODM)

38
Q

A language based on object-oriented concepts that provides tools such as diagrams and symbols to graphically model a system.

A

Unified Modeling Language (UML)

39
Q

In the relational model, a table row.

A

tuple

40
Q

Three basic characteristics of Big Data databases: volume, velocity, and variety.

A

3 Vs

41
Q

A representation of the entity relationship diagram that uses a three-pronged symbol to represent the “many” sides of the relationship.

A

Crow’s Foot Notation

42
Q

One of three types of nodes used in the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The ______ stores all the metadata about the file system.

A

name node

43
Q

In the object-oriented data model, the ability of an object to inherit the data structure and methods of the classes above it in the class hierarchy.

A

Inheritance

44
Q

Associations among two or more entities that are used by data models. In a 1:1 relationship, one entity instance is associated with only one instance of the related entity.

A

one-to-one (1:1 or 1..1) relationship

45
Q

Data type that describes a set of similar objects with shared and encapsulated data representation and methods. An abstract data type is generally used to describe complex objects. See also class.

A

abstract data type (ADT)

46
Q

In the object-oriented data model, a named set of instructions to perform an action. _____ represent real-world actions, and are invoked through messages.

A

method

47
Q

Data management software used to manage data in an object-oriented database model.

A

object-oriented database management system (OODBMS)

48
Q

A logical construct perceived to be a two dimensional structure composed of intersecting rows (entities) and columns (attributes) that represents an entity set in the relational model.

A

table

49
Q

The output of the conceptual design process. The conceptual model provides a global view of an entire database and describes the main data objects, avoiding details.

A

conceptual model

50
Q

Developed by E. F. Codd of IBM in 1970, the relational model is based on mathematical set theory and represents data as independent relations. Each relation (table) is conceptually represented as a two dimensional structure of intersecting rows and columns. The relations are related to each other through the sharing of common entity characteristics (values in columns).

A

relational model

51
Q

A movement to find new and better ways to manage large amounts of web-generated data and derive business insight from it, while simultaneously providing high performance and scalability at a reasonable cost.

A

Big Data

52
Q

A highly distributed, fault-tolerant file storage system designed to manage large amounts of data at high speeds.

A

Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)

53
Q

A collection of programs that manages a relational database. The RDBMS software translates a user’s logical requests (queries) into commands that physically locate and retrieve the requested data.

A

relational database management system (RDBMS)

54
Q

A global network of computers connected together through a standard network protocol known as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). You can think of the Internet as the “highway” on which the data travel.

A

Internet

55
Q

A Java based, open source, high speed, fault-tolerant distributed storage and computational framework. Hadoop uses low-cost hardware to create clusters of thousands of computer nodes to store and process data.

A

Hadoop

56
Q

A graphical representation of a relational database’s entities, the attributes within those entities, and the relationships among the entities.

A

relational diagram

57
Q

A model for database consistency in which updates to the database will propagate through the system so that all data copies will be consistent eventually.

A

eventual consistency

58
Q

Software through which programmers interact with middleware. An _____ allows the use of generic SQL code, thereby allowing client processes to be database server-independent.

A

Application Programming Interface (API)

59
Q

A logical construct perceived to be a two dimensional structure composed of intersecting rows (entities) and columns (attributes) that represents an entity set in the relational model.

A

relation

60
Q

A meta-language used to represent and manipulate data elements. Unlike other markup languages, XML permits the manipulation of a document’s data elements. XML facilitates the exchange of structured documents such as orders and invoices over the Internet.

A

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

61
Q

A collection of similar objects with shared structure (attributes) and behavior (methods). A ____ encapsulates an object’s data representation and a method’s implementation. _____ are organized in a _____ hierarchy.

A

class

62
Q

A person, place, thing, concept, or event for which data can be stored.

A

entity

63
Q

A data model based on a structure composed of two data elements: a key and a value, in which every key has a corresponding value or set of values. The key-value data model is also called the associative or attribute-value data model.

A

key-value

64
Q

An early data model that represented data as a collection of record types in 1:M relationships.

A

network model

65
Q

A row in a relational table. Also known as entity occurrence.

A

entity instance

66
Q

A collection of like entities.

A

entity set

67
Q

Associations among two or more entities that are used by data models. In a _________ relationship, one entity instance is associated with many instances of the related entity.

A

one-to-many (1:M or 1..*) relationship

68
Q

The set of symbols used in the creation of class diagrams in UML object modeling.

A

Class Diagram Notation

Data Management Foundations C175 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions