Lesson 2 Final Flashcards
(10 cards)
Characteristics:
1. diameter:
2. mean platelet volume (mpv):
3. reference platelet count:
4. daily turnover:
5. lifespan :
6. function: maintenance of ___ & _____
- ____:this factor is important in _____ or activation of plasma during hemostasis
- 2-4um
- 8-10fL
- 150,000-450-000/uL
- 35x10^9/L (+/-4.3)
- 8-11 days
- vascular integrity & blood coagulation
- Tissue Factor; thromboplastin
ALPHA GRANULES substances
1. promote coagulation (4)
2. promote aggregation (2)
3. promote vascular repair (2)
4. other systems affected (3)
DENSE GRANULES substances
1. promote aggregation (2)
2. promote vasoconstriction (1)
MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPIDS substances
1. promote vasoconstriction (1)
ALPHA GRANULES substances
1. HMWK, Fibrinogen, Factor V, VWF
2. PF4, Thromospondin
3. Platelet-derived growth; Beta-thromboglobulin
4. Plasminogen, a2-antiplasmin, C1 esterase inhibitor
DENSE GRANULES substances
1. ADP, Calcium
2. Serotonin
MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPIDS substances
1. Thromboaxane A2 precursors
ALPHA granules:
promote coagulation
1. contact activation of intrinsic coagulation pathway
2. converted to fibrin for clot formation
3. cofactor in fibrin clot formation
4. assists platelet adhesion to subendothelium to provide coagulation surface
promote aggregation
1. they both promote platelet aggregation (2)
promote vascular repair
1. promotes smooth muscle growth; wound healing
2. chemotactic for fibroblasts
other systems
1. precursor to plasmin, which induces clot lysis
2. plasmin inhibitor, inhibits clot lysis
3. complement system inhibitor
promote coagulation
1. HMWK
2. FIBRINOGEN
3. FACTOR V
4. VWF
promote aggregation
1. PF4, THROMBOSPONDIN
promote vascular repair
1. PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR
2. BETA THROMBOGLOBULIN
other systems
1. PLASMINOGEN
2. A2-ANTIPLASMIM
3. C1 ESTERASE INHIBITOR
DENSE granules:
1. promote platelet aggregation (2)
2. promotes vasoconstriction at injury site
MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPIDS:
1. promotes vasoconstriction at injury site
DENSE granules:
1. ADP, CALCIUM
2. SEROTONIN
MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPIDS:
1. THROMBOAXANE A2 PRECURSORS
Adhesion Defects (Platelet-Vessel)
____: deficiency in Gp Ib/IX
1. aka
2. characterized by ____ & _____
3. lab indication: _____
- reference value
4. normal aggregate studies: (3)
5. abnormal aggregate studies (1)
Bernard-Soulier Syndrome
1. Giant Platelet Syndrome
2. large platelets & thrombocytopenia
3. prolonged bleeding time
- 1-7mins
4. Epinephrine, ADP, Collagen
5. Ristocetin
Adhesion Defects (Platelet-Vessel)
____: mucocutaneous bleeding is the common sign
1. autosomal deficiency in ____
2. lab indication: _____
3. diagnosis p: standard vWF test panel tests:
- VWF: Ag assay
- RCo assay (ability of vWF to bind to platelets)
- _____ activity assay
4. treatment:
- blood must be _____ as this contains increased volume of vWF
- _____: induce an effect on weibel-palade bodies in order to secrete the stored vWF outside
von Willebrand Disease
1. plasma VIII:vWF
2. platelet count & morphology = generally NORMAL
3.
- Quantitative VWF Test
- VWF Activity Test/ VWF
- Factor VIII Activity Assay
4. treatment:
- Cryoprecipitate
- desmopressin
Classification of von Willebrand Disease:
1. partial quantitative deficiency of vWF
2. qualitative deficiency of vWF
3. decreased platelet-dependent vWF fxn w/ selective deficiency of HMWK multimers
- enzyme that regulates blood clotting by breaking down the vWF
4. increased affinity for platelet glycoprotein Ib/IX/V
5. decreased platelet receptor binding
6. Normandy variant; impaired factor VIII binding site
7. most severe; vWF is absent or nearly absent from plasma
- Type 1
- Type 2
- Type 2A
- ADAMTS-13 - Type 2B
- Type 2M
- Type 2N
- Type 3
Aggregation Defects (Platelet-Platelet Interaction)
Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia
1. deficiency in ______
2. aggregation studies: platelets aggregate
- normal
- abnormal
(Congenital) Adibrinogenemia/ Hypofibrinogenemia
1. absence of fibrinogen
2. decrease of fibrinogen
Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia
1. Gp IIb-IIIa
2.
- ristocetin
- ADP, Collagen, Epinephrine
(Congenital) Adibrinogenemia/ Hypofibrinogenemia
1. Adibrinogenemia
2. Hypofibrinogenemia
Deficiency of Granules (Storage Pool Disorders):
1. characterized by larger platelets, colored gray to blue-gray, & thrombocytopenia
- deficiency of ____
- lab findings: _____ & _____
2. w/ defect in cytoskeletal assembly
- deficiency of ______
- characterized by predominance of _____
- ____ = gene that is remodeling actin myosin skeletal system
- TRIAD OF SYMPTOMS
- Gray Platelet Syndrome
- alpha granules
- prolonged BT & decreased aggregation studies - Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
- dense granules
- small platelets
- WAS Gene
- thrombocytopenia, recurrent infection, & eczema
Deficiency of Granules (Storage Pool Disorders):
1. Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
- deficiency of _____ granules
- triad of symptoms
2. Chediak-Higashi
- deficiency of ____ granules
- characterized by ____,_____,_____
- Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
- DENSE
- oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding tendencies, & accumulation of ceroid-like pigment in macrophages - Chediak-Higashi
- DENSE
- albinism, recurrent infection, & giant lysosomes
