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AT 3358 > Lesson 2 Pharmacology > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs can be classified in what ways?

A
  1. Their chemistry
  2. Based on the mechanism of its action (therapeutic affects)
  3. Based on their legal calssifications (OTR, Rx, Controlled substance)
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2
Q

What are the charcteristics of a OTC drug?

A
  1. No Rx required
  2. Contains lower dosage
  3. Contains multiple active ingredients in the the same dosage
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3
Q

What are the charcteristics of a prescription (Rx) drugs?

A
  1. Greater risk of adverse effects
  2. Requires monitoring
  3. Restricted use (time)
  4. Rx needed
  5. Specifically authorized by the prescriber
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4
Q

What are the abuse potentials for scheduled drugs?

A

Schedule I (1)= highest potential for abuse
Schedule V (5)= Lowes potential for abuse

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5
Q

What are the restrictive requirements for scheduled drugs?

A
  1. Distribution
  2. Storage
  3. Recorded keeping
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6
Q

Example of schedule I drug?

A
  1. Heroin
  2. Marijuana
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7
Q

Example of schedule II drug?

A

1.Cocain
2.Codeine
3.Methadone
4.Opium

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8
Q

Example of schedule III drug?

A
  1. Anabolic steroids
  2. Codeine with acetaminophen or asprin
  3. Hydrocosone with acetaminophen
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9
Q

Example of schedule IV drug?

A
  1. Alprazolam (Xanax)
  2. Flurazepam (Dalmane)
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10
Q

Example of schedule V drug?

A
  1. Cough mixtures containing codeine
  2. Antidirrheal mixtures
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11
Q

What are analgecsics drugs used for?

A

Decrease pain perception

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12
Q

What are examples of anti-inflammatories drugs?

A
  1. Acetysalicylic
  2. NSAIDS
  3. Voltaren
  4. Anaprox
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13
Q

What are examples of anti-fungal drugs?

A
  1. Nizarol
  2. Fungizone
  3. Moconazole
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14
Q

What are examples of anti-biotic drugs?

A
  1. Penicillin
  2. Tatracycline
  3. E-mycin
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15
Q

What are Enteral ways of drugs entering the body?

A
  1. Oral
  2. Sublingual
  3. Rectal
  4. Buccal
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16
Q

What are Parenteral ways of drugs entering the body?

A
  1. Inhalation
  2. Injection
  3. Topical or transdermal application
17
Q

What is sublingual medication administrations and what is the benefit to it?

A
  1. Placing easily dissolved agents under the tounge
  2. Safe from the 1st pass effect (immediatily suck up medication into the blood vessels and works very fast)
18
Q

Define Pharmacology.

A

The effect of drugs on the body and the effect of the body on drugs

19
Q

Define Pharmacokinetics.

A

Study of the FACTORS that affect the time course of drug events. (rate at which drugs take effect, absrobed, distributed, metabolized and eliminated)

20
Q

What is Pharacodynamics

A

The process of determining the site in which drugs act and the mechanisms in which this action occurs

21
Q

Pharmacokinetic drug sequence

A
  1. Absorption
  2. Distribution
  3. Metabolism
  4. Excretion
22
Q

What is a drug vehicle?

A

The inactive substance that transports the drug

23
Q

What are factors of drug absorption example?

A

Take with water or food

24
Q

What is bioavailability?

A

How much of the drug actually reaches its target. (100mg of the drug was taken but on 50mg reached its target)

25
Q

What is the first pass effect?

A

Says that any medication will be filtered (weakened) by our liver before it goes to our blood.

26
Q

What are the drug plasma concentration levels?

A
  1. Toxic levels (adverse effects)
  2. Therapeutic levels
  3. Subtherapeutic levels
27
Q

Factors that can affect drug distrubution?

A
  1. Tissue permeability
  2. Blood flow
  3. Binding to plasma proteins or subcellualr components
28
Q

What effect will excercise have on oral drugs?

A

It will be diminished due to decreased blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract

29
Q

What effect will excercise have on skin and muscle drugs?

A

It will increase absorption due to increased blood flow in these areas

30
Q

What effect will excercise have on drugs cleared by the kidneys?

A

Duration of drug will be increased due to diminished clearance by this route.

31
Q

How will light or heavy excercise affect the stomach.

A
  1. Light excercise will decrease stomach emptying times and the drugs will just sit in the stomach
  2. Heavy excercise will increse stomach emptying times and the drug will be excreted faster
32
Q

What is biotransforamtion?

A

When a drug is transformed for its original active form to inactive form

33
Q

Where does drug metabolism mostly occure?

A

Liver

34
Q
A

AT 3358 (7 decks)

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