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Honors Biology > Lesson 2 Test Study Guide > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Test Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What Are Some Examples Of Abiotic Factors

A

Sunlight, Temperature, Precipitation, Water, Soil, Nutrients,

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2
Q

What Are Some Examples Of Biotic Factors

A

Prey, Food, Predators

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3
Q

What Do You Use To Describe A Population

A

Size of population, density, population range, pattern of spacing

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4
Q

Ways to count a population

A

Direct count, indirect count, random sampling, mark and recapture

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5
Q

What is the amount of an organism in a given area?

A

Density

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6
Q

What are the members of the same species that interact in the same area?

A

Population

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7
Q

What is the pattern of where organisms live?

A

Distribution

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8
Q

What is the type of population distribution where the individuals live in clustered groups?

A

Clumped

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9
Q

What is the type of population distribution where the individuals are spread out in a regular pattern?

A

Uniform

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10
Q

What is the type of population distribution where the individuals are not arranged in any specific pattern?

A

Random

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11
Q

What is the density formula?

A

Population Density = Total Population/Area

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12
Q

How do you find population given the population density and the area?

A

population density x area

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13
Q

If the area of a random sampling object is 4 km squared and the number of individuals is 56 what is the population density?

A

14

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14
Q

If the population density is 18 and the total area is 625, what is the population?

A

11250

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15
Q

There is a uniform distribution of population in an area of 60 square km. In a 15 square km sample of the total area, you count 42 individuals. What is the total population?

A

168
How: 42x60=2520
2520/15=168

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16
Q

What is the population if the population density is 2.8 and the total area is 2,563?

A

7176.4

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17
Q

If you sample 7,3,10,5,5 from a place where the total area is 60 and the sample area is 5 and there are 12 sample areas, what is the population density and the population size?

A

PD - 6
PS - 360
How: 7+3+10+5+5=30
30x12= 360
360/60=6

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18
Q

What is an example of uniform population distribution?

A

Penguins

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19
Q

What is an example of random population distribution?

A

Dandelions

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20
Q

What is an example of clumped population distribution?

A

Schools of fish

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21
Q

What causes random population distribution?

A

Dandelion seeds will be carried by the wind and the individuals will be focused on their own safety

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22
Q

What causes uniform population distribution?

A

To maintain defined territories

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23
Q

What causes clumped population distribution?

A

Resources in small concentrated areas

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24
Q

What is the amount of an organism in a given area?

A

Density

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25
What is the type of population distribution where the individuals live in clustered groups?
Clumped
26
What is the pattern of where organisms live?
Distribution
27
What Does t stand for
time
28
What does K stand for
carrying capacity
29
What does dN/dt stand for
population growth rate
30
What does r stand for
growth rate per capita
31
What does N stand for
population size
32
Does logistical growth or expionential growth have K
logistical growth
33
What happens when N approches K
it levels off
34
Which limiting factor has abiotic factors
Density Independent
35
What limiting factor relies on how dense the population is
Density Dependent
36
What limitying factor doesn’t rely on how dense the population is and will affect the population size no matter how dense it it
Density Independent
37
A drought is an example of what limiting factor
Density Independent
38
Water competition is an example of what limiting factor
Density Dependent
39
What is the formula of expionential growth
dN/dt=1.0N or population growth rate = 1.0 x population size
40
What is the formula of logistical growth
dN/dt=rN(K-N)/K or population growth rate = growth rate per capita(carrying capacity - population size) / carrying capacity
41
Does r change based on time and population size
as the population grows and becomes more crowded, per capita birth rate tends to decrease and death rate to increase, and so r decreases toward zero
42
What does No stand for
initial population size
43
How does birth rate death rate Immigration and Emigration affect population size
populations gain individuals through births and immigration they lose individuals through deaths and emigration these factors together determine how fast a population grows
44
What happens when there are more deaths and emigrations to births and immigration
the population goes down
45
What does dN/dt stand for
population growth rate
46
What does r stand for
growth rate per capita
47
Does logistical growth or expionential growth have K
logistical growth
48
What does N stand for
population size
49
Which limiting factor has abiotic factors
Density Independent
50
What limiting factor relies on how dense the population is
Density Dependent
51
What happens when N approches K
it levels off
52
What is a cohort
A group of the same species
53
What does the survivorship curve show
The difference between generations, populations, or different species, also shows the survivorship in a cohort
54
What is a log scale
A log scale is used to compare types 1-3
55
Why do we graph survivorship curves on a log scale
They allow a better focus on the per capita effect rather than the actual number of individuals dying
56
How do the survivorship curve types correlate to r- and K-selected species
r-selected species have a low survivorship because r-selected animals are just focused on having as many offspring as possible. K-selected species have a high survivorship because the parents focus on the care and preparation of the real world for the offspring
57
What is an example of survivorship curves that can be affected by both biotic and abiotic factors
Biotic - competition Abiotic - temperature
58
What does the variable r stand for
reproduction
59
Why do we use the term r-selected
because r-selected animals focus on just reproducing as much as possible
60
What does the variable K stand for
Carrying capacity
61
Why do we use the term K-selected
Because K-selected animals focus on the care of the offspring
62
What is the trade-off between r- and K-selected
The trade-off depends on the number of expendable offspring (r-selected) for the K-selected creatures
63
What is a log scale
A log scale is used to compare types 1-3
64
What is an example of a species in the middle of r- and K-selected
Chickens, because the mom produces a lot of eggs but still has to care for them until they hatch
65
What is an example of K- vs. r-selected animals in plants
The dandelions seeds are carried by the wind, so the plant doesn’t really care about it’s offspring at all
66
What is the definition of type 1
Observed in populations with low mortality in young age classes but very high mortality as an individual ages
67
What is the definition of type 2
Type II curves represent populations where the mortality rate is constant, regardless of age
68
What is the definition of type 3
very high mortality at a young age
69
What is an example of type 1
Humans
70
What is an example of type 2
Rhinos
71

Honors Biology (19 decks)

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