Lesson 20 Flashcards
Compounds (Samāsa)
Compounds
Samāsa
Adjectival Compounds [K]
young man = taruṇapuriso (m)
Kammadhāraya [K]
An Adjectival Compound (Kammadhāraya) is that which is formed by combining a substantive with an adjective, or a noun in apposition, or an indeclinable used in an adjectival sense, as its prior member
Case Compounds [T]
Buddhassa-dhammo = Buddhadhammo
Tappurissa [T]
A Case Compound (Tappurisa) is that which is formed by combining a substantive with another substantive belonging to any one of the oblique cases, by dropping its case endings.
Copulative Compounds [D]
cando ca suriyo ca = candasuriyā
Dvanda [D]
A Copulative Compound (Dvanda) is that which is formed by combining two or more substantives which, if not compounded, would be connected by the particle ca.
Attributive Compounds [B]
Pīta means yellow; ambara, garment; but pītambaro means he who has a yellow garment.
Bahubbīhi [B]
An Attributive Compound4 (Bahubbīhi) is that in which the component members collectively denote something else than what is originally expressed by them.
Adverbial Compounds [A]
upa-nagara = upanagaraṃ
near a city, i.e., a suburb
Avyayībhāva [A]
An Adverbial Compound (Avyayībhāva) is that which has as its first member a prefix (upasagga) or an indeclinable (nipāta), not used in an adjectival sense, but used in determining the sense of the final member.
Accusative
Dutiyā
gāmaṃ-gato = gāmagato
he who has gone to the village
sivaṃ-karo = sivaṃkaro
blessings-bestower
Ablative of Agent
Tatiyā
Buddhena-desito = Buddhadesito
preached by the Buddha
Instrumental
Karaṇa
asinā-kalaho = asikalaho
sword-fight
Dative
Catutthī
lokassa-hito = lokahito
beneficial to the world
Ablative
Pañcamī
corasmā-bhayaṃ = corabhayaṃ
fear from thief
Genitive
Chaṭṭhī
Buddhassa-dhammo = Buddhadhammo
Buddha’s Doctrine
Locative
Sattamī
vane-vāso = vanavāso
residence in the forest
ante-vāsiko = antevāsiko
pupil (lit. he who lives near)
