Lesson 2.1a

Question 1

What is selective attention?

Answer 1

Selective attention is the process by which a person focuses on a particular object or task while ignoring other stimuli.

Question 2

True or False: Selective attention can enhance perception and memory.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Selective attention allows individuals to filter out __________ and concentrate on relevant information.

Answer 3

irrelevant stimuli

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of selective attention? A) It increases distractions B) It helps prioritize information C) It eliminates all sensory input

Answer 4

B) It helps prioritize information

Question 5

What is the term for the phenomenon where a person fails to notice an unexpected stimulus in their visual field while focusing on a different task?

Answer 5

Inattentional blindness

Question 6

What is the cocktail party effect?

Answer 6

The cocktail party effect is the ability to focus one’s auditory attention on a particular stimulus while filtering out a range of other stimuli, often experienced in social settings.

Question 7

True or False: The cocktail party effect only applies to auditory stimuli.

Answer 7

False: While it primarily refers to auditory attention, it can also relate to visual stimuli.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: The cocktail party effect demonstrates selective _______.

Answer 8

attention

Question 9

Which cognitive process is primarily involved in the cocktail party effect?

Answer 9

Selective attention

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the cocktail party effect? A) Reading a book in silence, B) Listening to music while studying, C) Hearing your name mentioned in a crowded room, D) Watching a movie alone.

Answer 10

C) Hearing your name mentioned in a crowded room

Question 11

What is the definition of inattentional blindness?

Answer 11

Inattentional blindness is the failure to notice a fully visible but unexpected object because attention was engaged on another task.

Question 12

True or False: Inattentional blindness occurs only when distractions are present.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Fill in the blank: Inattentional blindness is often demonstrated in experiments involving __________.

Answer 13

visual tasks or stimuli

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of inattentional blindness? A) Not seeing a stop sign because you are looking at your phone B) Not hearing a siren while listening to music C) Both A and B

Answer 14

C) Both A and B

Question 15

What cognitive process is primarily involved in inattentional blindness?

Answer 15

Attention

Question 16

What is change blindness?

Answer 16

Change blindness is a psychological phenomenon where a change in a visual stimulus goes unnoticed by the observer.

Question 17

True or False: Change blindness occurs more frequently in complex visual scenes.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Fill in the blank: Change blindness illustrates the limits of ______ in visual perception.

Answer 18

awareness

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a common experiment used to demonstrate change blindness? (A) Visual search task (B) Flicker paradigm (C) Spatial cueing task

Answer 19

B) Flicker paradigm

Question 20

What is one implication of change blindness in real-world scenarios?

Answer 20

Change blindness suggests that people may overlook important changes in their environment, which can have implications for safety and attention.

Question 21

What is a perceptual set?

Answer 21

A perceptual set is a predisposition to perceive things in a certain way based on expectations, experiences, and context.

Question 22

True or False: A perceptual set can influence how we interpret ambiguous stimuli.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Fill in the blank: A perceptual set is influenced by __________, experiences, and cultural factors.

Answer 23

expectations

Question 24

Which of the following best describes the concept of perceptual set? (A) A fixed mindset (B) A temporary state of mind (C) A mental predisposition to perceive one thing over another

Answer 24

C

Question 25

How can perceptual set affect decision-making?

Answer 25

Perceptual set can lead individuals to focus on certain aspects of information while ignoring others, potentially biasing their decisions.

Question 26

What is a schema in the context of psychology?

Answer 26

A schema is a cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information.

Question 27

True or False: Schemas only apply to visual information.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Fill in the blank: Schemas can influence how we _______ new information.

Answer 28

process

Question 29

Which of the following is an example of a schema? A) A mental image of a dog B) A list of grocery items C) A mathematical formula

Answer 29

A) A mental image of a dog

Question 30

How do schemas affect memory recall?

Answer 30

Schemas can enhance memory recall by providing context and organization, but they can also lead to distortions in memory.

Question 31

What is the definition of context in communication?

Answer 31

Context in communication refers to the circumstances or setting in which an event occurs, influencing the meaning of the message.

Question 32

True or False: Context can only be physical and does not include social or cultural factors.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The three main types of context are ______, social, and cultural.

Answer 33

physical

Question 34

Which type of context involves the relationships and roles of the participants in communication?

Answer 34

Social context

Question 35

What role does context play in understanding a message?

Answer 35

Context helps to clarify the meaning of a message and provides background information that can influence interpretation.

Question 36

What is motivation?

Answer 36

Motivation is the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors.

Question 37

True or False: Intrinsic motivation comes from external rewards.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

Fill in the blank: According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the highest level of motivation is _____ needs.

Answer 38

self-actualization

Question 39

Which of the following is a type of motivation? A) Intrinsic B) Extrinsic C) Both A and B

Answer 39

C) Both A and B

Question 40

What theory suggests that people are motivated by their desire to achieve specific goals?

Answer 40

Goal-setting theory

Question 41

What is the definition of motivation?

Answer 41

Motivation is the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors.

Question 42

True or False: Intrinsic motivation comes from external rewards.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

Fill in the blank: The theory that states motivation is driven by the fulfillment of needs is called __________.

Answer 43

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Question 44

Which of the following is a type of intrinsic motivation? A) Praise from others B) Personal satisfaction C) Monetary rewards

Answer 44

B) Personal satisfaction

Question 45

Name one factor that can significantly affect motivation in the workplace.

Answer 45

Employee recognition

Question 46

What are the basic components of emotion?

Answer 46

The basic components of emotion include subjective experience, physiological response, and behavioral or expressive response.

Question 47

True or False: Emotions are universal and experienced similarly across different cultures.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Fill in the blank: The ________ theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal occurs before the subjective experience of emotion.

Answer 48

James-Lange

Question 49

Which part of the brain is primarily involved in processing emotions?

Answer 49

The amygdala

Question 50

What is the difference between emotions and moods?

Answer 50

Emotions are short-lived and specific responses to stimuli, while moods are longer-lasting and more diffuse emotional states.