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Cross Sectional Anatomy > Lesson 2A: Boundary Muscles > Flashcards

Lesson 2A: Boundary Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Which artery is tortuous?

A

Splenic–follows the superior border of the pancreas.

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2
Q

Splenic vein goes to the _______:

A

Behind pancreas to spleen. Attaches to the SMV to create Hepatic portal vein

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3
Q

Which ones are more anterior Renal vein or renal artery?

A

Vein

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4
Q

Is the left renal vein longer or shorter than the left renal artery?

A

Longer

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5
Q

Tributaries

A

Compare to river. Smaller vein that contributes to a larger vein.

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6
Q

Left gonadal vein is a tributary of:

suprarenal also contributes

A

Left renal vein

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7
Q

IMV comes from:

A

Bowel: Descending colon, sigmoid rectum, and transverse colon.

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8
Q

What are crus?

A

Tendons of the diaphragm that extend down to the upper lumbar vertebrae, bilaterally.

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9
Q

What are the 3 structures that pass through the openings from the thoracic cavity into the AO?

A

Aorta (T12)
IVC (T8)
Esophagus (T10)

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10
Q

Which of those 3 structures that pass from diaphragm to AO are most superior?

A

IVC

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11
Q

What are the boundaries of the abdominal cavity?

A

Superiorly (diaphragm) Inferiorly (pelvic brim) Anteriorly (skin & muscles) Posteriorly (spine & muscles)
Laterally (skin & muscles)

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12
Q

What is the linea terminalis?

A

It is the line from the sacral promontory following the arcuate line. Like you have a dinner plate and you covered the hole in the pelvis.

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13
Q

What is the division between abdominal and pelvic cavities?

A

Linea Terminalis

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14
Q

What are the horizontal lines and there lumbar levels?

A 
Transpyloric (Mid L1)
Subcostal (Mid L3)
Transumbilical (B/w L3 and L4)
Interiliac (Lower L4)
Transtubercular (Mid L5)
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15
Q

What are the vertical lines and their placement?

A 
Medial line- midsagittal plane
Midclavicular Lines (rt/lt) Courses through nipple.
Anterior axillary line
Midaxillary line
Posterior axillary line
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16
Q

How many abdominal regions are there?

A

9

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17
Q

What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

A 
Rt. hypochondriac 
Epigastric
Lt hypogastric
Rt. lumbar
Umbilical 
Lt. lumbar
Rt. iliac 
Hypogastric
Lt. iliac
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18
Q

There are 4 quadrants, what are they?

A

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

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19
Q

Where do the lines intersect with the quadrants? The regions?

A

Umbilicus. Midclavical and subcostal line (the first line)

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20
Q

How many core muscles does one have? What are they?

A 
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominus
Rectus abdominus 
Psoas major
Quadratus Lumborum 
Erector spinae
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21
Q

The ____________ is the outermost layer of the abdominal muscles:

A

External oblique

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22
Q

External oblique muscle:

A

Originates from the ribs, inserts on the anterior side of the rectus abdominus aponeurosis, iliac crest and pubic tubercle.

23
Q

The inferior part of the external oblique muscle forms the _______________.

A

Inguinal Ligament

24
Q

Tendons connect _______ to _______.

A

Muscle, bone.

25
Ligaments connect _______ to _____.
Bone, bone
26
Inguinal and iliac are interchangeable words T | F
True
27
What is the halfway point between pubis symphysis and ASIS? (Ant. Sup. Iliac Spine=ASIS)
Mid-inguinal point
28
What artery is with the mid-inguinal point?
Femoral
29
What is aponeurosis?
Layers of broad, flat tendons. It joins muscles and the body parts the muscles act upon.
30
What abdominal region has one of the thickest aponeuroses?
Ventral
31
Internal Oblique Muscle:
The middle layer, originates from the iliac crest to inferior borders of the ribs and the aponeurosis on the lateral portion of the rectus abdominus muscle.
32
How does the internal oblique muscle lay?
Extends upwards and medially. Perpendicular to the external oblique muscle.
33
Transverse Abdominus Muscle:
Innermost layer of the flat abdominal muscles. It originates from the costal margin, lumbar fasica, and anterior 2/3rds of iliac crest & lateral half of inguinal ligament. Inserts on aponeurosis of the posterior rectus sheath.
34
On transverse abdominal muscles, fibres are vertical. T | F
False
35
Rectus Abdominus Muscles:
Anteriorly on each side of linea alba. Extends from xiphoid process of the sternum to the symphysis pubic. It is enclosed in a sheath of the aponeuroses of the 3 lateral muscles.
36
The linea alba runs from the ________ to the __________.
Xiphoid process, pubic symphysis
37
Psoas Muscles:
Pass along anterior to the iliac crest of the pelvis and inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur.
38
Quadratus Lumborum
Thick muscular sheet, and ascends to insert on the inferior border of the 12th rib.
39
The psoas muscle is long and thin. T | F
False
40
In the transverse section, the Q.L appears lateral and posterior to the psoas muscles. T | F
True
41
What muscle forms the superior body of the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
42
What is the name of the vertical white line that extends from the xiphoid process to the pubis symphysis?
Linea Alba
43
The inferior border of which abdominal wall forms the inguinal ligament?
External oblique
44
What is the most medial muscle of the posterior abdominal wall?
Psoas Muscle
45
Which abdominal region is the spleen located
Lt. hypogastric
46
What vertebral level does the transpyloric plane run through?
L1
47
What structure passes through the diaphragm most posteriorly?
Aorta, T12.
48
What is the most inferior border of the abdominal cavity?
Linea Terminalus--imaginary plane drawn from pubis symphysis and sacral promontory. (line is called acruate line)
49
Which posterior abdominal wall muscle is the most lateral of the Psoas and QL?
QL
50
Which anterolateral (ext/int/trans) abdominal muscle runs from the inferolateral aspect of the abdomen to the superomedial aspect?
Internal oblique
51
What is an aponeurosis tendon?
Tendon sheath that is broad and flat.
52
Which abdominal muscle originatess on the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur?
Psoas
53
What region of the abdomen is the right femoral artery located in?
Rt. iliac

Cross Sectional Anatomy (5 decks)

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